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The Ankle

The Ankle. Talus Tibia Fibula All of these bones make-up the ankle mortis. Anatomy of the Ankle. Plantar Flexion Dorsi-flexion Inversion Eversion. Motions of the Ankle. Ligaments of the Ankle. Lateral Anterior talofibular ligament Calcaneofibular ligament

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The Ankle

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  1. The Ankle

  2. Talus Tibia Fibula All of these bones make-up the ankle mortis Anatomy of the Ankle

  3. Plantar Flexion Dorsi-flexion Inversion Eversion Motions of the Ankle

  4. Ligaments of the Ankle • Lateral • Anterior talofibular ligament • Calcaneofibular ligament • Posterior talofibular ligament • Medial • Deltoid ligament-strongest of the ankle

  5. Muscles of the Ankle • Dorsi-flexors (Anterior Leg) • Tibialis-anterior • Extensor Hallucis Longus • Extensor Digitorum Longus • Peroneus Tertius

  6. Muscles of the Ankle • Plantar-Flexors (posterior leg) • Gastrocnemius • Soleus • Flexor Hallucis Longus* • Flexor Digitorum Longus* • Tibialis Posterior* *These also act as invertors

  7. Evertors (lateral leg) Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis Muscles of the Ankle

  8. Lateral Ankle SprainsClassifications • Mild (1st) • Out 3-7 days, involves the ATF and possibly the CF:Localized tenderness over ligament, pain when ligament is stretched, no loss of function or instability, mild swelling, can weight bear and walk w/o much pain. • Moderate (2nd) • Out 10-21 days, involves the ATF,CF, PTF some tearing but not complete (ATF could be complete) Tenderness over all the ligaments, swelling, pain with motion, non weight bearing

  9. Inversion Mechanism of Injury

  10. Mild Ankle Sprain

  11. Moderate Ankle Sprain

  12. Lateral Ankle SprainsClassifications • Severe • Out 6-8 weeks, usually requires surgery ATF and Anterior Tibiofibular ligament ruptured. Severe pain and spasm, complete loss of function

  13. Potts Fracture Fracture of the Fibula

  14. Unusual but does occur to the deltoid ligament. Medial Ankle Sprains

  15. Other Tidbits • The anterior Tibiofibular ligament is also known as the syndesmosis ligament. • An injury like this is typically called a high ankle sprain. • Return to play criteria varies athlete to athlete

  16. History What happened (recreate mechanism) Have you hurt it before Did you hear any sounds Have you had previous surgery HOPS for the Ankle

  17. HOPS for the Ankle • Observation • Swelling • Discoloration • How did they walk in • Scars • Deformity

  18. Palpation Where does it hurt What does pain feel like Palpate all ligaments Palpate the bony structures Look for point tenderness Go through AROM and PROM Determine structures injured HOPS for the Ankle

  19. HOPS for the Ankle • Stress or Special Tests • Looking for functionality of the joint and disruption of structure and function • Talar Tilt • Anterior Drawer • Eversion Test

  20. Anterior Drawer

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