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Introduction to Rocks

Introduction to Rocks. Geology Unit 2. What are Rocks?. Rocks are simply aggregates (combinations) of one or more minerals. Rocks can be hard or soft, vary in size. Integral part of human history First tools were made of stone Shelter Monuments, etc.

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Introduction to Rocks

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  1. Introduction to Rocks Geology Unit 2

  2. What are Rocks? • Rocks are simply aggregates (combinations) of one or more minerals. • Rocks can be hard or soft, vary in size. • Integral part of human history • First tools were made of stone • Shelter • Monuments, etc. • The study of rocks is the science of petrology.

  3. Rock system of classification • There are many types of rocks, geologists classify rocks based on HOW the rocks were formed. • There are three categories of rocks: • 1. Igneous • 2. Sedimentary • 3. Metamorphic

  4. Igneous Rock • How do they form? • Forms directly from liquid rock (magma). • Liquid rock cools and hardens to form Igneous rock. • Liquid rock inside the earth is Molten magma • Liquid rock that exits onto the earth’s surface is known as lava.

  5. Examples of Igneous Rock Source: http://www.geog.ucsb.edu/~dylan/mtpe/geosphere/topics/rx/igneous.html

  6. Sedimentary Rock • Result from pre-existing rock • Sedimentary Rock = layered rock. • Rocks break down into pieces due to environmental forces (wind, water, ice)….more on this later  • Pressure (due to weight of sediments) solidify these rock particles together. This happens continuously, forming layered rock.

  7. Examples of Sedimentary Rock • Gros Morne National Park, Newfoundland

  8. Examples of Sedimentary Rock • Parrsboro, Nova Scotia

  9. Examples of Sedimentary Rock… • Hopewell Rocks, NB

  10. Examples of Sedimentary Rock.. Source: http://www.geog.ucsb.edu/~dylan/mtpe/geosphere/topics/rx/sedimentary.html

  11. Metamorphic Rock • Form from pre-existing igneous & sedimentary rocks • High temperatures & pressure cause the pre-existing rock to become physically or chemically altered. • Pre-existing rock becomes warped, deformed, compressed/compacted into a smaller volume of space. • They become more dense • Metamorphic rocks are less susceptible to erosion.

  12. Examples of Metamorphic Rock… Source: http://www.geog.ucsb.edu/~dylan/mtpe/geosphere/topics/rx/metamorphic.html

  13. Your Task • Become familiar with the three types of rocks, their characteristics and how we can identify them. • How? by completing worksheets and visiting my website. • Igneous Rocks • Sedimentary Rocks • Metamorphic Rocks

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