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D NA AND RNA

D NA AND RNA. THE AGENDA ELEMENTS THAT MAKE UP EACH STRUCTURE MONOMERS OF DNA AND RNA BASE PAIR RULES RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DNA GENES AND CHROMOSONES COMPARE AND CONTRAST DNA AND RNA. DNA AND RNA STRUCTURE.

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D NA AND RNA

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  1. DNA AND RNA

  2. THE AGENDA • ELEMENTS THAT MAKE UP EACH STRUCTURE • MONOMERS OF DNA AND RNA • BASE PAIR RULES • RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DNA GENES AND CHROMOSONES • COMPARE AND CONTRAST DNA AND RNA

  3. DNA AND RNA STRUCTURE • DNA is a nucleic acid; alongside proteins and carbohydrates, nucleic acids compose the three major macromolecules essential for all known forms of life. • Most DNA molecules consist of two biopolymer strands coiled around each other to form a double helix • Double helix - a pair of parallel helices intertwined about a common axis, especially that in the structure of the DNA molecule. • Biopolymer- polymeric substance occurring in living organisms, e.g., a protein, cellulose, or DNA. • Like DNA, RNA is assembled as a chain of nucleotides, but is usually single-stranded. • Cellular organisms use messenger RNA (mRNA) to convey genetic information (often notated using the letters G, A, U, and C for the nucleotides guanine, adenine, uracil and cytosine) that directs synthesis of specific proteins, while many viruses encode their genetic information using an RNA genome.

  4. MONOMERS OF DNA AND RNA DNA AND RNA DNA AND RNA • The "building blocks" of nucleic acids (like DNA and RNA), nucleotides are molecules made of one sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogen base each. DNA has two strands of nucleotides spiraling around each other in a double helix. RNA has one strand. • DNA nitrogen base include • Adenine • Guanine • Thymine • Cytosil • Uracil • Uracil only shows up in the RNA and replaces the thymine

  5. CONINUED

  6. BASE PAIR RULES • Base pairs, which form between specific nucleobases (also termed nitrogenous bases), are the building blocks of the DNA double helix and contribute to the folded structure of both DNA and RNA.

  7. CONTINUED DNA base pairing Adenine-Thymine or Thymine-Adenine Guanine-Cytosil or Cytosil-Guanine RNA base pairing is the same but there is no Thymine so Uracil replace the Thymine

  8. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DNA AND RNA • DNA and RNA have a complementary relationship. this relationship is shown in that, the RNA is involved in DNA transcription and the DNA acts as a template in creating mRNA and that the DNA and RNA work together to create cell proteins. DNA carries the generic information of higher organisms and the RNA carries the generic information of viruses.

  9. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DNA GENES AND CHROMOSONES • DNA and genes is that DNA in chromosomes hold the information which is used to encode genes. Chromosomes are the structures found within a cell and contain genetic information which is passed from one generation to the next. Any gene is the sequence of DNA which will determine any particular trait.

  10. COMPARE AND CONTRAST DNA AND RNA

  11. ATTENTION!!!!!! • URACIL IS ONLY USED IN RNA AND NOT IN DNA

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