1 / 14

Chapter 8

Chapter 8. Collecting Qualitative Data. Key Ideas. What participants and sites will be studied? What information will you collect? How will you record data? How will you administer data collection?. Random “Quantitative” Sampling. Select Representative individuals

chico
Télécharger la présentation

Chapter 8

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 8 Collecting Qualitative Data Power Point Slides by Ronald J. Shope in collaboration with John W. Creswell

  2. Key Ideas • What participants and sites will be studied? • What information will you collect? • How will you record data? • How will you administer data collection? Educational Research 2e: Creswell

  3. Random “Quantitative” Sampling Select Representative individuals To generalize from sample to population To make claims about the population To build/test “theories” that explain the population Purposeful “Qualitative” Sampling Select people/sites who can best help us understand our phenomenon To develop detailed understanding That might be “useful”: information That might help people “learn” about the phenomenon That might give voice to “silenced” people Who will be studied? Purposeful Sampling Educational Research 2e: Creswell

  4. Types of purposeful sampling When Does Sampling Occur? Before Data Collection After Data Collection has started What is the intent? What is the intent? To develop many perspectives To describe what is “typical” to those unfamiliar with the case To describe some sub-group in depth To take advantage of whatever case unfolds To explore confirming or disconfirming cases Maximal Variation Sampling Homogenous Sampling Typical Sampling To describe a case that illustrates “dramatically” the situation Opportunistic Sampling To describe particularly troublesome or enlightening cases Confirming/ Disconfirming Sampling To generate a theory or concept To locate people or sites to study Theory or Concept Sampling Theory or Concept Sampling Extreme Case Sampling Snowball Sampling Educational Research 2e: Creswell

  5. Sample size • Small for in-depth perspective • 1 individual • 4 cases • 20-30 interviews Educational Research 2e: Creswell

  6. What permissions are needed? • Gain permission from Institutional Review Board (IRB) • Gain permission from “gatekeepers” at the research site • Gatekeepers: individuals at the site who provide site access, help researcher locate people and identify places to study • The gatekeeper may require written permission about the project Educational Research 2e: Creswell

  7. What information will you collect? • Observations • Interviews • Documents • Audio-Visual Materials Educational Research 2e: Creswell

  8. Observations • An Observation is the process if gathering first-hand information by observing people and places at a research site. • Observational roles • Participant observer • Non-Participant observer • Observational roles can be changed Educational Research 2e: Creswell

  9. Observations • Conduct multiple observations • Record both descriptive and reflective field notes during the observation • Descriptive field notes describe the events, activities and people • Reflective field notes record personal reflections that relate to their insights, hunches or broad themes that emerge Educational Research 2e: Creswell

  10. Interviews • Types: Personal, Phone, e-mail, Focus Group • General open-ended questions are asked • allows the participant to create options for responding • participants can voice their experiences and perspectives • Information is recorded then transcribed for analysis Educational Research 2e: Creswell

  11. Structured, unstructured, and semi-structured interviews Approach to Data Collection Type of Response Options to Questions Types of Interviews Leading to Data Closed- Ended Structured/ semi-structured Interviews Scores to answers Quantitative Qualitative Open- Ended Unstructured Interviews Transcription of words Educational Research 2e: Creswell

  12. Documents • Public and private records • Good source for text data • You must obtain permission before using documents • Optically scan documents when possible Educational Research 2e: Creswell

  13. Audio-Visual materials • Determine the material that can provide evidence to address your research questions • Determine if the material is available and obtain permission to use it • Check the accuracy and authenticity of the material if you do not record it yourself • Collect the data and organize it Educational Research 2e: Creswell

  14. How will you record data? • Using protocols • Observation protocols • Interviewing protocols • See Examples in Figure 8.7 – pg. 222 & Figure 8.4 – pg. 213 Educational Research 2e: Creswell

More Related