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Exhibit 3-1: The pre-industrial carbon cycle

Slides for GGR 314, Global Warming Chapter 3: The Carbon Cycle Course taught by Danny Harvey Department of Geography University of Toronto. Exhibit 3-1: The pre-industrial carbon cycle. Exhibit 3-2: Collapsing vegetation and exposure of previously frozen C-rich soils as permafrost warms.

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Exhibit 3-1: The pre-industrial carbon cycle

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  1. Slides for GGR 314,Global WarmingChapter 3: The Carbon CycleCourse taught byDanny HarveyDepartment of GeographyUniversity of Toronto

  2. Exhibit 3-1: The pre-industrial carbon cycle

  3. Exhibit 3-2: Collapsing vegetation and exposure of previously frozen C-rich soils as permafrost warms Source: http://www.globalcarbonproject.org/news/SoilOrganicPoolsinPermafrost.html

  4. Exhibit 3-3: A carbon rich soil above permafrost (left) and ice wedges in permafrost (left) Source: http://www.globalcarbonproject.org/news/SoilOrganicPoolsinPermafrost.html

  5. Exhibit 3-4: Diatoms, depicted below, have SiO2 (siliceous, made of silica) skeletons Source: Wikipedia, Open Source photo in article on plankton

  6. Exhibit 3-5: Coccoliths (left) and foraminifera (right) have calcium carbonate (calcareous) skeletons Width of image: 5.5 mm Source: Left, Wikipedia, Richard Lampitt and Jeremy Young in article on “Coccolithophore” Right, Wikipedia article on “Foraminifera”, author Psammophile

  7. Exhibit 3-6: Geographical variation in net primary productivity of the world’s oceans Source: Schlesinger (1991)

  8. Exhibit 3-7: Variation of potential pCO2 in the low-latitude ocean Source: Broecker and Peng

  9. Exhibit 3-8:Simulated variation in the terrestrial biosphere sink using theLPJ dynamic global vegetation model driven either by observedtemperature and precipitation variations (CRU Climatology) or withoutput from two climate models Source: Fischlin et al (2007, IPCC AR4, WGII)

  10. Exhibit 3-9: Hypothetical variation in the number of persons entering and leaving a store. Source: Chen (2011, Climatic Change 108:31-46)

  11. Exhibit 3-10:CO2 emissions and CO2 sinks for a scenario where trend of increasing emissions turns around between 2010-2020. Source: Harvey (1989, Climatic Change, Vol. 15, 343-381)

  12. Exhibit 3-11: Methane escaping from thawing yedoma (loess) soils in Siberia

  13. Exhibit 3-12: Sonar image of methane bubbles rising from the sea floor along a 2.5 km segment in 250-m deep water west of Svalbard (Arctic Ocean) Methane bubbling from lakes http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eM5WPl69Z18&feature=related Source: Kerr (2010, Science, Vol. 329, 620-621) Video, methane from frozen lakes, ignited http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oa3M4ou3kvw Methane bubbling from lakes http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eM5WPl69Z18&feature=related

  14. Exhibit 3.13a: CO2 stabilization scenarios Source: IPCC AR4 WG1 Fig 10.22a

  15. Exhibit 3-13b: Range ofCO2 emissions permitted for the various stabilization scenarios Source: IPCC AR4 WG1 Fig 10.22b

  16. Proposed expansion of oil production from the tar sands, and consequences for CO2 emissions

  17. Keystone Pipeline XL route

  18. Youtube Video:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TkgOmuIumjk&feature=youtu.beCommentary:http://switchboard.nrdc.org/blogs/ddroitsch/new_video_explains_the_climate.html

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