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Chapter 8

Chapter 8. DNA Structure and Chromosomal Organization. I. Carrier of Genetic Information. What carries Genetic Info? We know that it is DNA, but how was it discovered? Pneumonia Research in RATS. a. The Research 1 st - Inject Rats with live R strain pneumonia.

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Chapter 8

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  1. Chapter 8 DNA Structure and Chromosomal Organization

  2. I. Carrier of Genetic Information • What carries Genetic Info? • We know that it is DNA, but how was it discovered? • Pneumonia Research in RATS

  3. a. The Research 1st- Inject Rats with live R strain pneumonia. 2nd – Inject Rats w/ live S strain pneumonia. 3rd- Inject Rats w/ dead S strain 4th – Inject rats w/ a mix of live R and dead S 5th - Isolate S strain carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and nucleic acids and inject separately. http://activity.ntsec.gov.tw/lifeworld/english/content/images/en_gene_c7.jpg

  4. Results of Pneumonia Research • Transformation: Transferring genetic information between cells. • Transforming Factor: The molecular agent of transformation is DNA • DNA carries genetic info. • DNA controls the synthesis of specific products • Transfering the DNA transfers the ability to make the specific product.

  5. Eukaryotes: DNA is also the genetic carrier. • Transformation doesn’t happen in eukaryotes • Recombinant DNA Technology: Joining DNA from 2 or more different organisms to produce hybrid DNA molecules.

  6. II. Structure of DNA • Nucleotides: The basic building blocks of DNA and RNA. Consist of 3 parts • Pentose Sugar: • Phosphate Group: • Nitrogen-containing base: • Purine: • Adenine (A) • Guanine (G) • Pyrimidine: • Thymine (T) • Cytosine (C) • Uracil (U) http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/lecturesf04am/nucleotides.jpg https://www.msu.edu/course/isb/202/ebertmay/2004/drivers/nucleotide.jpg

  7. Polynucleotide: Nucliotides bonded together between Phosphate and sugar. 1. 5’ (5prime): The phosphate group end 2. 3’ (3 prime): The sugar end of the nucleotide a. 5’- CCGTA-3’ http://media-2.web.britannica.com/eb-media/19/6519-004-4FFDE61B.gif

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