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Ancient Hebrews

Ancient Hebrews. Jews in Palestine/Israel. Specialized Workers. Abraham – a shepherd chosen by God to be the “father” or 1st of the Hebrew people according to the Torah. Slaves – forced into slavery in Egypt. Later led out of slavery by Moses. Settled herders, farmers and city dwellers.

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Ancient Hebrews

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  1. Ancient Hebrews Jews in Palestine/Israel

  2. Specialized Workers • Abraham – a shepherd chosen by God to be the “father” or 1st of the Hebrew people according to the Torah. • Slaves – forced into slavery in Egypt. Later led out of slavery by Moses. • Settled herders, farmers and city dwellers. • Separate roles for men and women in society. • Religious teachers were called prophets

  3. Complex Institutions • God = Yahweh • Monotheism was unique to the Hebrews for the time. • Covenant made between Abraham and God – God protects them as long as they obey him. • Passover celebrates being freed from slavery. • Were originally organized into 12 tribes that were self -governing but during times of crisis would be led by Judges. • Tribes united under 3 kings – Saul, David and Solomon – formed kingdom of Israel.

  4. Advanced Cities • Ur – in Mesopotamia is where Abraham was born. • Abraham moved his people to Canaan. • Later, they moved to Egypt, then back to Canaan. • Jerusalem established under King David.

  5. Advanced Technology • Learned iron smelting from neighboring peoples and produced iron tools and weapons. • Solomon built temple to hold the Ark of the Covenant, which held the tablets of Moses’ law. • Bronze used in building.

  6. Record Keeping • Torah containing the teachings and history of the Hebrew people. • Ten Commandments – given to Moses by God – became basis of the civil and religious laws of Judaism. • Ideas influenced Christianity and Islam. • Taxes were used to pay for massive building projects.

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