Biology - Organelles

1. Biology - Organelles By Cody Thomas

2. A wild mitochondria appears Involved in the transformation of energy that is released to be used by the cell, also known as a cell’s powerhouse. A mitochondria is composed of folded layers of membrane, mitochondria is present within the Fungi, Plant and Animalia kingdoms its usually present within the protista kingdom and has an absence within the monera kingdom.

3. Plasma ‘cell’ Membrane A membrane composed of mostly proteins and lipids. They are phospholipids otherwise known as ‘Hydrophilic’ and ‘Hydrophobic’ made of Phosphates and lipids with the traits above respectively in which they form a bi-layer. The proteins have been inserted into this bi-layer, the membrane itself is selectively permeable meaning only certain substances and molecules have access to enter and leave the cell. Proteins have each of there own function for example, some proteins regulate ‘traffic of a cell’.

4. Ambushed by a nucleus The control centre of a cell, most cells anyway. This organelle is responsible for major functions and organelles but most importantly the DNA and the duplication of cells. It is enveloped by a nuclear membrane like that of the plasma membrane. The nucleolus is in charge of the ribosome production for the cell.

5. Enter the Ribosomes Although the creation of this organelle is within the nucleus they are not within the nucleus. They are either suspended in the cytosol or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. This is the site of protein synthesis.

6. Cytoskeleton The cytoskeleton acts as a skeleton obviously but also as a muscle that allows movement for the cell, the skeleton provides structure and shape for the cell so it doesn’t collapse on itself. Cytoskeleton is made of three different types of fibres:Actin FilamentIntermediate FilamentMicrotubules

7. Endoplasmic Reticulum The Endoplasmic Reticulum or otherwise known as “ER” is connected to the nuclear membrane where is performs tasks such as synthesizing proteins and lipids depending whether it is covered with ribosomes or not.Smooth ER or no ribosomes results in the creation of lipids. Rough ER or studded with ribosomes results in the production of proteins.

8. Golgi Apparatus The Golgi apparatus is an organelle that stores, modifies and packages proteins these proteins are transported to and from the Golgi apparatus via another organelle known as vesicles. Which are created in the Golgi apparatus.

9. Lysosomes The lysosomes are in control the garbage disposal of a cell, they contain digestive enzymes which allow them to break down such waste.

10. Chloroplast These special organelles are only specifically found within autotrophs mostly known as plant cells. They contain a green substance known as chlorophyll, chlorophyll plays an important role in photosynthesis. The chloroplast is the site of food/sugar production the product being glucose. The chloroplast is protected by a double bound membrane.

11. Cell Wall The cell wall is found in the cells of bacteria and plants and is usually Rigid and used as protection and structure. The cell wall is made of cellulose and special fiber that allows the plant cell to hole shape and structure, the cell wall is found surrounding the plasma membrane.

12. Bibliography and Author’s notes Firstly I would like to say that I hope you don’t mark down because lack of pretty picture or diagrams, and I did do the ten organelle asked of me with at least 3 sentences. (I think).I would like to remark that on the internet (I’m sure you are aware) but you can download a power-point presentation with the credentials needed to pass, but I doubt that any classmates would cheat. I wrote this with the knowledge learned in the classroom and from the GTAC excursion as well as the many websites the internet has to offer.