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UNIT #1: NUTRITION

UNIT #1: NUTRITION. HEALTH. Why nutrition matters. Main Idea : The food you eat affects your health and quality of life . Nutrition : The process by which your body takes in and uses food Your body relies on food to provide it with…..

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UNIT #1: NUTRITION

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  1. UNIT #1: NUTRITION HEALTH

  2. Why nutrition matters Main Idea: The food you eat affects your health and quality of life. Nutrition: The process by which your body takes in and uses food Your body relies on food to provide it with….. Nutrients: Substances in food that your body needs to grow, to repair itself, and to supply you with energy The energy your body receives from food is measured in….. Calories: A unit of heat used to measure the energy your body uses and the energy it receives from food

  3. HUNGER AND APPETITE Main idea: A variety of factors influence food choices. Hunger: The natural physical drive to eat, prompted by the body’s need for food Appetite: The psychological desire for food

  4. FOOD AND EMOTIONS Mindless eating: Snacking continuously while absorbed in another activity • Using food to relieve tensionor boredom can lead to weight gain

  5. FOOD AND YOUR ENVIRONMENT The people and things around you also affect what you choose to eat. Environmental influences include: • Family and Culture • Friends • Time and Money • Advertising

  6. ADVERTISEMENTS AIMED at CHILDREN and teens • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xk_hkdGf1tc • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fUjz_eiIX8k • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XrZFM2nvLXA • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KgDeeMfh3HY • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NfHKOXqgNeg (doritos)

  7. GIVING YOUR BODY WHAT IT NEEDS Main Idea: Each of the six nutrients has a specific job or vital function to keep you healthy. Your body uses nutrients in many ways: • As an energy source • Heal, build and repair tissue • Sustain growth • Transport oxygen to cells • Regulate body functions

  8. Six nutrients • Carbohydrates • Protein • Fats • Vitamins • Minerals • Water

  9. NUTRIENTS THAT PROVIDE ENERGY Main Idea: Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats provide your body with energy and help maintain your body. Carbohydrates: Starches and sugars found in foods, which provide your body’s main source of energy *225-325 grams of carbs needed (on average) per day*

  10. 3 TYPES OF CARBOHYDRATES Simple: Sugars, such as fructose (found in fruits) and lactose (found in milk) • Naturally in fruits, dairy products, honey, and maple syrup • Added to processed foods such as cold cereals, bread, and bakery products Complex: Starches; long chains of sugars linked together • Grains, grain products such as bread and pasta, beans, and root vegetables such as potatoes

  11. 3 TYPES OF CARBOHYDRATES Fiber: A tough complex carbohydrate that the body cannot digest • 20 to 35 grams per day recommended • Fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and products made from whole grains, nuts and seeds

  12. Role of carbohydrates Role: • Most are turned into a simple sugar called:  Glucose • Glucose is the main source of fuelfor the body’s tissues • http://www.everydayhealth.com/diet-nutrition/101/nutrition-basics/good-carbs-bad-carbs.aspx

  13. PROTEIN Protein: Nutrients the body uses to build and maintain its cells and tissues • Made up of chemicals called aminoacids • You produce or synthesize all but nineof the amino acids • These nineare called essential amino acids because the body must get them from food.

  14. Types of Proteins Complete : Animal-products that contain all nine essential amino acids; meat, eggs, and dairy products Incomplete: Plant-based products that do not contain all nine essential amino acids • Eating a variety of plant-based foods (grains, nuts, seeds, and legumes) can provide you with all of the essential amino acids

  15. THE ROLE OF PROTEINS • Basic buildingmaterial of all your body cells • Muscles, bones, skin, and internal organs • 46to 52grams recommended per day • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DRHCVQEIAw

  16. FATs Unsaturated fats: Vegetable oils, nuts, and seeds; eating in moderation may lower the risk of heart disease Saturated fats: Found mostly in animal-based foods such as meat and many dairy products; palm, coconut, and palm kernel oil; consuming too many may increase the risk of heart disease • Can increase the levels of cholesterol(a waxy, fatlike substance in your blood)

  17. Types of Fat Trans fat: Formed by a process called hydrogenation (causes vegetable oil to harden) • As it hardens, the fats become more saturated (margarine, snack foods, packaged baked goods) • Can raise your total blood cholesterollevel, which increases your risk of heart disease • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H156Z08Pck0 Super size me intro

  18. Role of Fats • Brain development, blood clotting, and controlling inflammation • Help maintain healthy skinand hair • Stored fat (adipose tissue), provides insulation for the body • Carrying too much body fat increases the risk of health problems such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovasculardisease • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S9__23-zjhM Super size me

  19. OTHER TYPES OF NUTRIENTS Main idea: Vitamins, minerals and water do not provide energy, but perform a wide variety of body functions Vitamins: Compounds found in food that help regulate many body processes • Water soluble: Dissolve in water and pass easily into the bloodstream during digestion • Vitamin C, folicacid, Bvitamins • The body doesn’t store these; any unused amounts are removed by the kidneys

  20. OTHER TYPES OF NUTRIENTS Fat soluble: Vitamins stored in body fat for future use • Vitamins A, D, E, and K • If consumed in large amounts they can build up in the body and become dangerous

  21. OTHER TYPES OF NUTRIENTS Minerals: Elements found in food that are used by the body • Body does not produce them; must get from food • Calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron Osteoporosis: A condition in which the bones become fragile and break easily due to a lack of calcium

  22. OTHER TYPES OF NUTRIENTS WATER • Essential for most body functions • About 20 percent of your total daily water intake comes from the food you eat • If you are more very active, you need to drink more • Avoid beverages that contain caffeine because it eliminates water from your body (can make you dehydrated) • Teen girls needs about 9 cups each day; teen boys need about 13 cups each day

  23. dehydration • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AujXYEabz3U • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K61RM5RG84A (I shouldn’t be alive)

  24. NUTRITION LABELS AND FOOD SAFETY Main idea: Food labels provide information about ingredients and nutritional value of foods. Nutrition label basics: • The nameof the food product • The amountof food in the package • The name and addressof the company that makes, packages, or distributes the product • The ingredientsin the food • The nutrition facts panel, which provides information about the nutrients found in food

  25. Nutrition facts • 1 - Start with the serving information at the top of • the label. • 2 - Next, check total calories per serving. • 3 - Limit these nutrients. • 4 - Get enough of these nutrients. • 5 - Quick guide to % Daily Value.

  26. Food safety Main idea: Handling food carefully can help you avoid foodborne illnesses and other hazards. Foodborne illness: Food poisoning • About 76 million Americans become ill each year • Foods contain pathogensor disease-causing organisms • Sometimes the pathogensproduce disease • Other times it’s the poisonsthat pathogens produce that causes illness • Bacteriaand virusescause most cases

  27. FOOD SAFETY Common symptoms: • Cramps • Diarrhea • Nausea • Vomiting • Fever

  28. KEEPING FOOD SAFE to eat Pasteurization:Treating a substance with heat to kill or slow the growth of pathogens • Milk and Juices(helps prevent E.coliinfection) Cross contamination:The spreading of pathogens from one food to another • Wash hands, cutting boards, utensils, countertops, etc. Four basic steps for keeping food safe 1. CLEAN 2. SEPARATE 3. COOK 4. CHILL

  29. FOOD SENSITIVITIES(Food allergies) Food allergy: A condition in which the body’s immune system reacts to substances in some foods The most common allergens are found in: • Milk • Eggs • Peanuts • Tree nuts • Soybeans • Wheat • Fish • Shellfish

  30. COMMON SYMPTOMS • Common symptoms of food allergies include: • Skin irritations (rashes) • Hives • Itching • Nausea • Vomiting • Diarrhea The MOST dangerous allergic reaction is: Anaphylaxis:A condition in which the throat swells up and the heart has difficulty pumping; can be life threatening and requires immediate medical attention https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AKVjKC3u9hk

  31. Food sensitivities(food intolerances) Food intolerance: A negative reaction to food that doesn’t involve the immune system • More common than food allergy One of the most common is: • Lactoseintolerance: Occurs when a person’s body does not produce enough of the enzyme needed to digest lactose, a sugar found in milk • People may experience gas, bloating, and abdominalpain

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