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Puritans vs. Separatists

Puritans vs. Separatists. Another group of dissenters from England Faced persecution in England for going against the Church of England (Anglican Church) Did not want to break away/separate from church – like the who? Separatists

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Puritans vs. Separatists

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  1. Puritans vs. Separatists • Another group of dissenters from England • Faced persecution in England for going against the Church of England (Anglican Church) • Did not want to break away/separate from church – like the who? • Separatists • Puritans wanted to reform / purify the Church of England of certain Catholic ways

  2. Massachusetts Bay Colony • Puritans wanted to escape persecution, so they looked to the New World • 1629 – MA Bay Company received a royal charter…meaning what? • Colony was given freedom to govern itself…for now… (what will happen?) • 1630 – 11 ships with approx 1000 settlers arrive – Boston established • Over the next 10 years, over 20,000 settlers will stream to MA Bay – Great Migration • John Winthrop – first governor of MA Bay

  3. Congregation system • Puritan church not run by king or bishop • They created self-governing congregations • Each congregation did the follow: • Chose its minister • Set up its own town with a meetinghouse – place of worship and government (town meetings) • MA Bay develop many small towns very quickly

  4. Puritan values – help them suceed • Hard work: • Hard work honored God. Explains the rapid growth and success of MA Bay • Education: • Laws required all children learn to read • Everyone needed to be able to read the Bible • Representative Government: • Town meetings and local self-government are established, they are also the ways of the church

  5. Expand rights…really? • Democratic rights were quickly expanded in MA Bay • The original charter allowed only “freeman” or investors to vote • Winthrop allowed any male church member to vote • Voting rights expanded…should this be celebrated??

  6. Massachusetts Bay…seeds NE • Puritans created very orderly and structured society • Puritans felt threatened by anyone who questioned their ways • Puritans leaders were challenged by a number of dissenters • Some of these dissenters were forced to leave Massachusetts Bay, some started new colonies in the NE region

  7. Rogers Williams & Rhode Island • Williams believed: • Colonists had no rights to take native lands • No one should be forced to attend church • Puritans should not impose their beliefs on others • Church and state should be kept separate • Williams was banished, moved south and established RI in 1636 • RI guaranteed religious tolerance & separation of church and state • Even established the first Baptist Church in America

  8. Anne Hutchinson • Another dissenter of the Puritans • She challenged the Puritan clergy • Eventually was put on trial and banished from Massachusetts as well. • Fled to Rhode Island

  9. John Wheelright • Hutchinson’s brother-in-law • Fled Massachusetts Bay in 1638 • Established town of Exeter – present-day NH • Exeter Compact was created (modeled after the Mayflower Compact) • Self-government / majority rule

  10. Thomas Hooker • Hooker was a conservative Puritan • He thought the governor (John Winthrop) had too much power, and wanted to limit him • Hooker moved his congregation out of MA Bay and established CT • They wrote the Fundamental Order of CT: • Limited power of governor • People set limits on government’s power • Power of government comes from the consent of the people • Extended voting rights to non-church members

  11. The Puritans vs. the Quakers • Puritans did not like dissenters to their way, especially the Quakers • Puritans did not like the Quakers because: • Quakers felt Puritans ministers and sermons were obstacles to the direct experience with God • Quaker beliefs taught that men and women were spiritually equal, women could serve as preachers and missionaries • Puritans felt the Quakers were a threat to the Puritan way of life

  12. The Puritans vs. the Quakers • Puritans would jail, whip, or banish Quakers as punishment for their beliefs. • The severity of the punishments increased overtime, eventually leading to Quaker executions • Some Quakers became martyrs for their cause (ie. Mary Dyer) • Some of these deaths help lead to greater religious tolerance

  13. The New England Way • Similarities among settlers NE settlers: • Many from eastern counties of England • Lived in towns • Religious dissenters to Anglican & Catholic church • Mainly Puritans with some Protestant groups (Quakers, Baptists, Separatists) • Middle class in England • Highly skilled & educated • Many paid their own way to New World (not many indentured servants) • Many came to NW with families, friends, neighbors

  14. Democratic Traditions in NE • Democratic ideals in NE life: • Puritans congregations were self-governing • Puritan men elected governor and legislative church Massachusetts • Voting rights were expanded in MA and CT • Towns in NE controlled their own affairs • Town meeting becomes ultimate symbol of local self-government • Massachusetts will have the greatest impact on the course of American history of any of the NE colonies

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