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Geopolitics

Geopolitics. Canadian & World Issues. “A Key Study in Geography”. Politics : The practice of decision-making by society as a whole, usually formalized at the government level. Political topics concerned with Geography: Trade military alliances foreign aid Immigration / emigration

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Geopolitics

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  1. Geopolitics Canadian & World Issues

  2. “A Key Study in Geography” • Politics: The practice of decision-making by society as a whole, usually formalized at the government level. • Political topics concerned with Geography: • Trade • military alliances • foreign aid • Immigration / emigration • territorial control • economic systems • areas of land suitable to support society and distribution of wealth

  3. “A Key Study in Geography” • Examples of how Politics and Geography are related: • Geographical factors can cause political changes • e.g. When Switzerland restricts immigration because it, as a nation, already has a high enough population. • Political factors can cause Geographical changes • e.g. An increase in oil prices has led to an expanded search for oil in the Arctic and North sea, thus causing Geographical changes.

  4. “A Key Study in Geography” • Geopolitics: The study of the two-way relationship between political beliefs and actions on one side and any of the usual concerns of geography on the other.

  5. Classification of Political Systems • Supranational Political Systems • National Political Systems • Other Ways of Classifying Governments: • Governments by Mode of Succession • Governments by Type of Rule • Governments by Structure • Levels of Government • Branches of Government

  6. Supranational Political Systems • Empires • e.g. British, Roman, and Ottoman • a major political unit having a territory of great extent or a number of territories or peoples under a single sovereign authority

  7. Supranational Political Systems • Leagues • e.g. Baltic, Arab; also League of Nations • an association of nations or other political entities for a common purpose

  8. Supranational Political Systems • Confederations • e.g. European Union • is a large state composed of many self-governing regions • has a very weak central government with little influence over the actions or policies of the member regions

  9. Supranational Political Systems • Federations • e.g. Union of Soviet Socialist Republics • formed by a compact between political units that surrender their individual sovereignty to a central authority but retain limited residuary powers of government

  10. Supranational Political Systems • United Nations • voluntary association of most of the world's nation-states • not a world government and it does not make laws

  11. National Political Systems • Unitary Nation-States • e.g. Belgium, Bulgaria, France, Great Britain, The Netherlands, Japan, Poland, Romania, the Scandinavian countries, Spain, and many of the Latin-American and African countries • basically a single tier of government with varying degrees decentralization - some are decentralized so much as to resemble federal states, some allow limited regional rule, others have only token decentralization

  12. National Political Systems • Federal Systems • e.g. Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, India, Russia, and the United States, Austria, Germany, Malaysia, Mexico, Nigeria, Switzerland, and Venezuela • political authority is divided between two autonomous sets of governments, one national and the other sub-national, both of which operate directly upon the people

  13. World Governments in 1900

  14. World Governments in 1950

  15. World Governments in 2000

  16. World Governments in 2050 ?!?!?

  17. Canada and the European Union

  18. Canada and the European Union

  19. Canada and the European Union • Luxembourg • Malta • Netherlands • Poland • Portugal • Romania • Slovakia • Slovenia • Spain • Sweden • United Kingdom • Croatia • Macedonia • Turkey • Austria • Belgium • Bulgaria • Cyprus • Czech Republic • Denmark • Estonia • Finland • France • Germany • Greece • Hungary • Ireland • Italy • Latvia • Lithuania

  20. Canada and the European Union

  21. Canada and the European Union • Albania • Andorra • Armenia • Azerbaijan • Belarus • Bosnia and Herzegovina • Georgia • Iceland • Liechtenstein • Moldova • Other European Countries (non EU members) • Monaco • Montenegro • Norway • Russia • San Marino • Serbia • Switzerland • Ukraine • Vatican City State

  22. Canada and the European Union

  23. Canada and the European Union

  24. Canada and the European Union • EU Council President Rotation • Current Head of Government of country identified assumes additional duties of President of EU for term • 2007 Jan-Jun Germany • 2007 Jul-Dec Portugal • 2008 Jan-Jun Slovenia • 2008 Jul-Dec France • 2009 Jan-Jun Czech Republic • 2009 Jul-Dec Sweden • 2010 Jan-Jun Spain • 2010 Jul-Dec Belgium

  25. Canada and the European Union • Austria • Belgium • Cyprus • Finland • France • Germany • Greece • Ireland • 15 countries use the Euro as their currency: • Italy • Luxembourg • Malta • Netherlands • Portugal • Slovenia • Spain

  26. Canada and the European Union • EU Currency (Bills) • Multi-coloured • Archways and Bridges • NOT specific sites (i.e. not country-specific) • € 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, and 500 denominations

  27. Canada and the European Union • Canadian Currency (Bills) • Multi-coloured • Prime Ministers (& Queen) and “themes” • $5 Laurier Children at Play • $10 Macdonald Remembrance and Peackeeping • $20 Elizabeth II Arts and Culture • $50 King Nation Building • $100 Borden Exploration and Innovation

  28. Canada and the European Union • EU Coins • Uniform front, national back • All coins are valid in all countries • 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 50 cent pieces plus €1 and €2 coins

  29. Canada and the European Union • Canadian Coins • Maple leaf, beaver, bluenose, moose, coat of arms, loonie, and polar bear are regular images on front, Queen on back • 1, 5, 10, 25, and 50 cent coins plus $1 and $2 coins

  30. How will different people view the same place differently?

  31. Sharing Spaces • Nile River Basin

  32. Sharing Spaces • Antarctica

  33. Sharing Spaces • The Arctic

  34. Sharing Spaces • Grand Banks of Newfoundland

  35. Sharing Spaces • Indian Ocean

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