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Words to Know about Cells and the Parts of the Cells

Words to Know about Cells and the Parts of the Cells. Key words. Cell sel. A membrane-covered structure that contains all of the materials necessary for life. Homeostasis hO-mE-O-'stA-s&s. The maintenance of a stable internal environment. Unicellular yü-ni -' sel -y&- l&r.

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Words to Know about Cells and the Parts of the Cells

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  1. Words to Know about Cells and the Parts of the Cells

  2. Key words

  3. Cell sel A membrane-covered structure that contains all of the materials necessary for life

  4. HomeostasishO-mE-O-'stA-s&s The maintenance of a stable internal environment

  5. Unicellularyü-ni-'sel-y&-l&r Organisms made from a single cell

  6. Multicellular Organims made of many cells

  7. ProkaryoticprO-'ka-rE-"Ot/ Describes a cell that does not have a nucleus or any other membrane-covered organelles; example: bacteria

  8. Eukaryoticyü-'ker-E-"Ot, Describes a cell that has a nucleus; examples: animals and plants

  9. The Chemistry of Cells

  10. Metabolismm&-'ta-b&-"li-z&m The combined chemical processes that occur in a cell or living organism

  11. DNA DeoxyriboNucleic Acid; hereditary material that controls all the activities of a cell, contains the information to make new cells, and provides instructions for making proteins

  12. ATP Adenosine TriPhosphate; molecule that provides energy for a cell’s activities

  13. Nucleic acidnu-'klE-ik- A biochemical that stores information needed to build proteins and other nucleic acids; made up of subunits called nucleotides

  14. Protein'prO-"tEn A biochemical that is composed of amino acids; its functions include regulating chemical reactions, transporting and storing materials, and providing support

  15. Carbohydrate • A biochemical composed of one or more simple sugars bonded together that is used as a source of energy and to store energy.

  16. Lipid A type of biochemical that does not dissolve in water, including fats and oils; lipids store energy and make up cell membranes.

  17. Phospholipid A molecule that forms much of a cell membrane

  18. Chlorophyll The green chemical pigment in chloroplasts that absorbs light energy for photosynthesis

  19. Organelles

  20. Organelle • Structures within a cell, sometimes surrounded by a membrane

  21. Cytoplasm • Cellular fluid surrounding a cell’s organelles

  22. Cell membrane • A phospholipid layer that covers a cell’s surface and acts as a barrier between the inside of a cell and the cell’s environment

  23. Nucleus • Membrane-covered organelle found in eukaryotic cells that contains a cell’s DNA and serves as a control center for the cell

  24. Mitochondria • Cell organelles surrounded by two membranes that break down food molecules to make ATP

  25. Ribosome • A small organelle in cells where proteins are made from amino acids

  26. Endoplasmic reticulum • A membrane-covered cell organelle that produces lipids, breaks down drugs and other substances, and packages proteins for delivery out of the cell

  27. Golgi complex • The cell organelle that modifies, packages, and transports materials out of the cell

  28. Vacuole • A large membrane-covered structure found in plant cells that serve as storage containers for water and other liquids; animal cells have small vacuole.

  29. Lysosome • A special vesicle in cells that digest food particles, wastes and foreign invaders

  30. Vesicle • A membrane-covered compartment in a eukaryotic cell that forms when part of the cell membrane surrounds an object and pinches off.

  31. Plant organelles

  32. Cell wall • A structure that surrounds the cell membrane of some cells and provides strength and support to the cell membrane; found in plants, and fungi

  33. Chloroplast- • An organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs

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