Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)

1. Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: Multi-coded Bi-orthogonal PPM (MC-BPPM) Impulse Radio Technology Date Submitted: 8 Sep., 2004 Source: [Hyung Soo Lee (1), Dong-Jo Park (2), Dan Keun Sung (2), Sung Yoon Jung (2), Joon-Yong Lee (3)] Company: [(1) Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI) (2) Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technologies (KAIST) (3) Handong Global University (HGU)] Address: [(1) 161 Gajeong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea (2) 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea (3) Heunghae-eup, Buk-gu, Pohang, Republic of Korea] Voice: [(1) +82 42 860 5625, (2) +82 42 869 5438, (3) +82 54 260 1931], FAX: [(2) +82 42 869 8038] E-Mail: [(1) hsulee@etri.re.kr, (2) syjung@kaist.ac.kr, (3) joonlee@handong.edu] Abstract: Discussion and recommendations on TG4a Call for Proposal and Call for Intent to propose Purpose: For technology introduction Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release:The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15

2. Multi-Coded Bi-orthogonal PPM (MC-BPPM) Impulse RadioTechnology presented by Sung YoonJung ETRI-KAIST-HGU Republic of Korea

3. Contents • TG 4a Alt-PHY Design Issues • Band Plan • Pulse Design • PHY Frame Structure of MC-BPPM • Multi-Coded Bi-orthogonal PPM (MC-BPPM) • Transceiver Architecture • Data Rate • Simultaneous Operating Piconets (SOP) • Link Budget • Location Awareness

4. TG 4a Alt-PHY Design Issues • Location awareness - Need wide bandwidth for high location accuracy • Low transmit power - Need diversity techniques • Harsh multipath environment (long delay spread) - Require a long guard time to avoid inter pulse interference (IPI) • Data rate scalability - Link bit rate : 1 kbps (mandatory) - Aggregate bit rate : 1 Mbps (optional)

5. 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Band Plan • Bandwidth : Two band - Low band (3.1 to 4.9 GHz) : Mandatory band - High band (5.825 to 10.6 GHz) Low band High band

6. Pulse Design : Low Band Example (1) • Prolate pulse* - Pulse duration : 2.1376ns  Bandwidth : 1.8GHz *: Parr, B.; ByungLok Cho; Wallace, K.; Zhi Ding Communications Letters, IEEE ,Volume: 7 ,Issue: 5 ,May 2003

7. Pulse Design : Low Band Example (2) • Chaotic pulse - Large base signal (base=2*bandwidth*duration) - Flexible bandwidth and signal duration

8. : # of bits per data block : Orthogonal code length : # of repetitions : # of data blocks per frame : # of Repetitions : Pulse bin width (duration) : Code length : Multi-coded chip duration : Multi-coded symbol duration : Position number for BPPM : Guard time for processing delay : Total transmit time duration of a data block PHY Frame Structure • Frame structure of PPDU (example) SHR PHR PHY load Byte Preamble SFD PHR PSDU bit

9. Multi-coded symbol ( Code rate : L/Ns ) Ex. Code rate = 3/4 1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 1 -3 1 1 Orthogonal code set ( Code Length : Ns ) Ex. Ns=4 Data block ( L bits ) Ex. L=3 1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 Modulation Multi-Coded Bi-orthogonal PPM (MC-BPPM) • Operation example (L=3, Ns=4, Nr=1, Tg=0ns) PPM : Bi-orthogonal PPM : 1 -3 1 1

10. Node #A Transmitter Data Encoder Data Modulator Data Orthogonal Bi-orthogonal PPM Multi-code Pulse Multiplexing Generator Node #B Transmitter Channel . . . Node #Z Transmitter Transceiver Architecture • Transmitter Architecture

11. Node #A Receiver Data Data Decoder Data DeModulator Orthogonal Bi-orthogonal PPM Multi-code Pulse Location De-multiplexing Generator Detector Node #B Receiver . . . Node #Z Receiver Transceiver Architecture (Cont’d) • Receiver Architecture

12. Data Rate • Low band modes (example)

13. Simultaneous Operating Piconets (SOP) • Time Division - Time-separated superframe among piconets • Code Division - Time-hopping code for each piconet

14. Link Budget • Bandwidth : 1.8GHz • Coding Gain : 3dB (Assumption) • 1% PER (32 Octets/Packet, 200 Packets)

15. Location Awareness : Scenarios Sensor network by UWB UWB tag UWB tag UWB tag Wake up “Yellow shirts”. • Criteria - Mobility of nodes - Density of nodes - Mobility of reference nodes - Position accuracy • Mobility of Nodes - Stationary, movable, or mobile • Density of Nodes - Dense or sparse • Mobility of Reference Nodes - Stationary, movable, or mobile • Position Accuracy - Exist or not - cm accuracy “Information” UWB tag UWB tag UWB tag UWB tag UWB tag UWB tag Nodes are stationary Nodes are mobile *Source : IEEE 15-03-0537-00-004a

16. Location Awareness – TDE Performance • Employed a conventional correlation detection • CM4 scenario without MUI • Length of search region and • Threshold was determined relative to the noise floor

17. ,where : length of search region : sampling rate : number of integrations required = 2 required Location Awareness : Measurement Time • Measurement time is a limiting factor in accurate ranging & positioning • Measurement time can be evaluated by • For example, to acquire 0.7ns RMS accuracy when , and peak SNR = 5dB, then