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Math in Physics: Equations, Units, Conversions & Graphs

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clares
10 diapositives · 169 Views · Jan 01, 2020

Understand the importance of math in physics, including equations modeling observations, SI units, conversions, scientific notation, and graphing data. Learn to apply math skills for accurate and precise measurements.

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  1. Math in Physics • Math skills are essential to physics. • Equations are an essential part and serve as ways to model observations and make predictions. • Numerical data is often used to support conclusions. • Math Handbook: in your text at the back

  2. Units, Units, Units… • System International d’Unites (SI) or the adapted version known as the metric system is used in science. • 7 base units (from direct measurement) • Additional units are derived from the seven base units (combinations of base units) • Example: mass and volume can be measured directly using a balance and graduated cylinder. Density however is a derived unit obtained from the relationship between mass and volume D=m/v

  3. SI Base Units (chart courtesy of Glencoe Physics: Principles and Problems, Zitzewitz, et. al. 2005, McGraw-Hill, New York)

  4. Prefixes Used with SI units..(chart courtesy of Glencoe Physics: Principles and Problems, Zitzewitz, et. al. 2005, McGraw-Hill, New York)

  5. Conversions and Conversion Factors • Using dimensional analysis allows you to treat units as algebraic quantities which can be cancelled. • Steps: • Write out given quantity. • Decide what units the final answer needs. • Choose a conversion factor that allows you to cancel the units given using multiplication and/or division and leave units desired for final answer.

  6. Try it….. • Convert 5021 centimeters to kilometers? • How many seconds are in a leap year? • Convert the speed 5.30 m/s to km/hr.

  7. Scientific Notation • Used to express large numbers • Makes working with large numbers easier • To convert a number to scientific notation • Move decimal so that there is one non-zero digit to the left of the decimal • Ex. 3000000 3.000000 then add x10 and the exponent that represents how many spaces that the decimal was moved • 3.000000 x 106

  8. To convert a number from scientific notation to regular notation • Move the decimal left (for a negative exponent) and right (for a positive exponent) the number of spaces as indicated by the exponent • Example: 2.36 x 10-3 would be 0.00236 2.25 x 102 would be 225

  9. Collecting Data, Making Measurements • Accuracy • Precision • Technique • Variables

  10. Creating Graphs for Representing data • Linear • Non-linear • Inverse relationships