Presented By Stephen Kempf, Jr., Regional Director DHS/FEMA Region 2

1. Presented By Stephen Kempf, Jr., Regional Director DHS/FEMA Region 2

2. FEMA Region II • Serving: • New York • New Jersey • Puerto Rico • U.S. Virgin Islands

3. Regional Office Structure • Office of the Regional Director • Administration and Resource Planning Division • Caribbean Area Division • Mitigation Division • National Preparedness Division • Response and Recovery Division

4. Today’s Objectives • I. Homeland Security and Emergency Management Overview • II. Operations and Planning Considerations • III. Katrina: Lessons Learned • IV. Next Steps?

5. Homeland Security and Emergency Management Overview

6. Homeland Security –A Working Definition • efforts undertaken by Federal, State, Local governments and the private sector to protect the United States from threat of or actual disaster/emergency events be those natural, technological or man-made to include prevention of, preparations for, response to and recovery from those events

7. many governmental agencies/departments multiplicity of tasks Terrorist attack emphasis natural disaster emphasis technological disaster emphasis Command and Control changing world environment – emerging threats state/tribal and local orientation Private Sector Public Programs mandates/legislated requirements operational needs and requirements Historical Perspective

8. Historical Perspective • Homeland Security is not a new concept, it can be traced to the founding of the nation. Mutual Aid Fire Companies, National Guard and State Militias were homeland defense agencies • Emergence of Civil Defense as a discipline can be traced to World War II Homeland Defense Programs • Protection of Nation from attacks from air and sea • Public Programs to support National Efforts • War Support to include: Mobilization Programs (Rosie the Riveter); War Bonds; Blackout Drills; Victory Gardens; rationing/vouchers; recycling and donation programs and response planning

9. Historical Perspective • Civil Defense Programs expanded during cold war period in response to potential Nuclear Attack • Evacuation Programs • Stockpiling • Bomb Shelters • Command and Control • Continuity of Government (COG)

10. FEMA US Coast Guard Secret Service Immigration and Naturalization Service Customs Federal Protective Service Transportation Security Administration Office for Domestic Preparedness Strategic National Stockpile Nuclear Incident Response Teams CBRN Countermeasures Programs National Labs Others DHS Agencies (partial)

11. DHS Direction • basis of much of HS is emergency management oriented • Local/State preparedness/response typically seen as prime efforts at those levels • Federal agencies/departments supporting Local/State and doing most for preparations for attack (including terrorism) events • Focus is on Terrorism Preparedness (increased planning, training and exercises as well as prolific expansion of dedicated terrorism grant programs • Maintain level of preparedness for Technological and Natural Hazards • Expand Preparedness efforts in Private Sector and encourage the general public in a National effort (Citizen Corps/CERT)

12. Homeland Security Presidential Directive #5 (HSPD#5) • National Incident Management System (NIMS) • Core set of concepts, principles and terminology for incident command and multi-agency coordination • National Response Plan (NRP) • All-discipline, all-hazards plan • Initial National Response Plan (INRP) created as an interim plan until the publication of the full NRP

13. What is the National Incident Management System (NIMS)? “…a consistent nationwide approach for Federal, State, tribal, and local governments to work effectively and efficiently together to prepare for, prevent, respond to, and recover from domestic incidents, regardless of cause, size, or complexity…”

14. NIMS Components • Command and Management • Preparedness • Resource Management • Communications and Information Management • Supporting Technologies • Ongoing Management and Maintenance

15. What is theNational Response Plan? Signed agreement among departments and agencies that: • Is being included in the development of a new, National Response Plan (NRP) and Supplements other Federal EOPs developed to address specific hazards • Supports implementation of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, as amended (42 U.S.C. 5121, et seq) • Provides the mechanism for coordinated delivery of Federal assistance and resources to augment efforts of State and local governments overwhelmed by a major disaster or emergency

16. When is the NRP implemented? • In response to an actual event requiring Federal assistance under a Presidential declaration of a major disaster or emergency • In anticipation of a significant event likely to result in a need for Federal assistance (could be a credible threat situation)

17. Activation of the National Response Plan: Authority • Following a declaration, the President may direct any Federal agency to use its authorities and resources in support of State & local assistance efforts • Under the provision of the new NRP, the Secretary of DHS will serve as the Principal Federal Official for disasters or emergencies declared by the President. • As under the FRP, within the concepts of the NRP is the basic construct that some or all of the structures of the NRP may be activated to meet the needs of the situation.

18. Organization of the NRP Base Plan Concept of Operations, Coordinating Structures, Roles and Responsibilities, Definitions, etc. Groups capabilities & resources into functions that are most likely needed during an incident (e.g., Transportation, Firefighting, Mass Care, etc.) Emergency Support Function Annexes Describes common processes and specific administrative requirements (e.g., Public Affairs, Financial Management, Worker Safety & Health, etc.) Support Annexes Outlines core procedures, roles and responsibilities for specific contingencies (e.g., Bio, Radiological, Cyber, HAZMAT Spills) Incident Annexes Glossary, Acronyms, Authorities, and Compendium of National Interagency Plans Appendices

19. Incident Annexes • Biological Incident • Catastrophic Incident • Cyber Incident • Food and Agriculture Incident • Nuclear/Radiological Incident • Oil and Hazardous Materials Incident • Terrorism Incident Law Enforcement and Investigation

20. ESF 1: Transportation ESF 2: Communications ESF 3: Public Works & Engineering ESF 4: Firefighting ESF 5: Emergency Management ESF 6: Mass Care, Housing & Human Services ESF 7: Resource Support ESF 8: Public Health and Medical Services ESF 9: Urban Search & Rescue ESF 10: Oil & Hazardous Materials ESF 11: Agriculture & Natural Resources ESF 12: Energy ESF 13: Public Safety & Security ESF 14: Long-term Community Recovery and Mitigation ESF 15: External Communications Emergency Support Function (ESFs)

21. How will we work together with federal, state, voluntary and private sector organizations? Using the appropriate NRP format and structure: • Establish a single, comprehensive organization for management of the response • Ensure that all levels of government across the state have the capability to work efficiently and effectively together, using a national approach to domestic incident management allowing for the integration of assets and assistance • Allow federal-to-federal coordination and cooperation to work to the state’s full advantage • allow better federal-to-State/local coordination and cooperation • Address pro-active federal actions in catastrophic situations • Embrace the Principal Federal Official (PFO) representing the Secretary of Homeland Security as the overall incident manager responsible for coordinating federal operations, including the specific provisions of HSDP-5

22. Working together as one team Using the appropriate NRP format & structure: • Establishes single, comprehensive response management organization • Ensures all levels of government work efficiently and effectively together, using a national approach to domestic incident management allowing for the integration of assets and assistance • Allows federal-to-federal coordination and cooperation to work to the state’s full advantage • Allows better federal-to-state/local coordination and cooperation • Addresses pro-active federal actions in catastrophic situations • Embraces the Principal Federal Official (PFO) representing the Secretary of Homeland Security, including provisions of HSDP-5

23. Principal Federal Official • Represents DHS Secretary as senior on-scene federal official • On strategic level ensures: • Coordination of federal incident management and resource allocation • Seamless integration of federal incident management activities in support of state and local requirements • Provides federal strategic guidance and interagency conflict resolution to enable timely federal assistance • Serves in full support of governor and citizens of the state • Establishes environment allowing Federal Coordinating Officer to take on all operational roles as defined under the Stafford Act • DOES NOT TAKE AN OPERATIONAL ROLE OVER ANY STATE/FEDERAL RESPONSE ACTIVITY

24. Joint Field Office (JFO) The JFO would be the focal point for coordination of Federal support to New Jersey Principal Federal Official Other Senior Federal Officials State, Local and Tribal Representative(s) Senior Federal Law Enforcement Official Federal Coordinating Officer JFO Coordination Group Chief of Staff ----------------------- Liaison Officer Safety Coordinator Security Officer Infrastructure LiaisonOthers as needed External Affairs JFO Coordination Staff Defense Coordinating Officer (DCO) Office of Inspector General JFO Sections Operations Section Logistics Section Planning Section Finance and Admin

25. II. Operations and Planning Considerations

26. Your local hazards and vulnerabilities The local critical infrastructure – what is “in” the community that is most critical Historical background Local response structures and your existing organizations Community support for disaster response Political “climate” Mutual aid available Operations and Planning for Response - Considerations

27. Operations and Planning (cont’d) • Disaster/emergency planning can take several forms, among which are:* plans written for specific events* plans for organizational units* plans to perform certain functions* combination plans (a mixture of those)

28. Operations and Planning (cont’d) What locals/States predominately use is the planning for a certain function, or a combination of the function specific and event specific planning format.

29. Operations and Planning (cont’d) • Federal planning is based (conceptually) on long-held principle of functional planning (long-held, that is that States/locals have predominately used it or a combination of it plus selected event types planning for years) • Functional planning is easily adapted to organizational missions in existence • Functional planning is not affected by the type of event more like in one community versus another thus is more adaptable for mutual aid purposes

30. Clear concept of operations Statement of operational methods Definition of community emergency Responsibilities for functions assigned Assumptions about response environs Assumptions about resources availability “Triggers” Clear line of succession Agreements, compacts, legal constraints Plans’ Content Considerations

31. L/S/F Planning Considerations “All Response is Local” Must Pre-Identify Unmet Planning Needs/Breaking Points (Planning) 1. Local Emergency Management Agency 2. State Emergency Management Agency 3. DHS-FEMA (consults with Primary Agency/ESFs)

32. L/S/F Responsibilities • Identify requirements exceeding available local capability (measurable and specific) • Identify requirements exceeding available State capability. Determine the exact Federal support needed, and funding (State cost share may apply).

33. Planning Considerations • Consider “Murphy’s Law” and plan for worst case scenarios • The “Plan” is a living document and is never completed • Multi-Agency Planning Team is a plus • Signatures from key agencies/officials • Plan MUST be rehearsed through Drills, Tabletop, Functional and Full-Scale Exercises

34. III. Katrina:Lessons Learned

35. A Category 2 or 3 Hurricane in New Jersey • It could happen-National Weather Service says so • It has happened in the Northeast • Long Island in 1938 • It will happen again • Our computer models paint a picture • Surge Models closely estimated extreme surge heights for Katrina • Your community flood insurance maps are not the whole story • You are not New Orleans, but you could be Mississippi

36. What Could Happen Mississippi had a combination of tourist, residential and business communities along its thriving coastMississippi was devastated in just a few hours New Jersey’s coastline has the highest urban density in the nation and like Mississippi has a mix of development- The only difference is New Jersey has triple the population density in these areas FACT-The same storm here would be significantly worse

37. Photos of What Could Happen(Imagine this as Inland NJ) I-10 somewhere between Biloxi and Gulfport 7 – 10 miles inland

38. This could be inland Ocean County Pass Christian, Mississippi in areas that were not previously on flood maps…….most of Pass Christian was totally destroyed by surge

39. Could this be what remains of a development 2 miles inland somewhere in Atlantic County? This is inland at Pass Christian, Mississippi

40. Henderson Point, which is located off of St Louis Bay, in Mississippi Imagine scenic inland Barnegat Bay

41. Hackensack-Bergen CountyEstablished Urban Areas

42. Keansburg-Monmouth CountyMiddleclass Communities

43. Seaside Heights-Vacation Area

44. Summary • The risk is significant and although it has a low probability it is important to understand the level of damage that could occur • Surge impacts must not be confused with flooding events typical of northeasters or other past flooding in recent years in New Jersey • Evacuation in potential surge areas must be complete and thorough in the event of a predicted category 2 or 3 hurricane • Think beyond the event, your planning has only begun • Destroyed housing – where will our citizens go • Logistical constraints – can I handle the requirements • Staffing of critical function – who will help us help our own • Where are your citizens? – how to reconstitute my community • Who is in charge? – how much help will I get

46. San Francisco Earthquake of 1906: [People] leaving the city, ca. 04/1906 Source: National Archives (Local Identifier: NWDNS-92-ER-26) San Francisco Earthquake of 1906: Hot meal kitchen, ca. 04/1906 Source: National Archives (Local Identifier: NWDNS-92-ER-11) Houston, TX, September 21, 2005-- Traffic is heavy on the Houston freeways as people begin to flee the on-coming hurricane Rita. Photo by Ed Edahl/FEMA http://www.photolibrary.fema.gov/photolibrary/photo_details.do?id=15803 Houston, TX., September 2, 2005 -- A Red Cross volunteer comforts a survivor from hurricane Katrina in the Houston Astrodome.FEMA photo/Andrea Booher http://www.photolibrary.fema.gov/photolibrary/photo_details.do?id=14501

48. Hurricane Andrew damaged or destroyed 27,526 homes Search and Rescue Operations The Midwest Flood of 1993 damaged or destroyed 50,000 homes Hurricane Katrina and the ensuing floods damaged or destroyed 142,368 homes = 10,000 Homes

49. Comparison of Debris Removed Debris removal in Pass Christian. Mark Wolfe/FEMA Vehicles destroyed in the storm surge of Hurricane Katrina are being stockpiled north of Gulfport, Miss. FEMA/Mark Wolfe