China and the New Imperialism

1. China and the New Imperialism

2. What is the Opium War A war fought between Britain and China over restrictions to foreign trade Began in 1839 ended in 1842 with the Signing of the Treaty of Nanjing.

3. What caused the Opium War? In 1700�s Britain was trading opium grown in India for tea from China. Chinese became addicted to Opium Silver was flowing out of China to pay for drugs Chinese government banned opium and called on Britain to stop trade, Britain refused.

4. Effects of the Opium War Britain received large spoils (indemnity) Britain gains control of Hong Kong China opened 5 ports to foreign trade British citizens in China received extraterritoriality meaning they lived under British Laws and could be tried in British courts Allowed Christian missionaries to preach in China

5. Taiping Rebellion A peasant revolt in China Lead by school teacher Hong Xiuquan � called for and end to the Qing dynasty Rebellion last from 1850-1864 before Chinese government defeated the rebellion

6. Causes of the Taiping Rebellion Population Explosion Irrigation systems and canals poorly maintained � caused massive flooding Extravagant courts Rich evading taxes Widespread political corruption

7. Effects of the Taiping Rebellion 20-30 million Chinese died Qing government stayed in place but had to share power with regional commanders Russia seized land in Northern China

8. Sino-Japanese War A war between China and Japan in 1894

9. Causes of Sino-Japanese War Japan begins modernizing Then joined western powers in imperialistic pursuits 1894- Japan puts pressure on China leading to the war

10. Effects of Sino-Japanese War Japan Wins � gains Taiwan Japan takes on Western Ways Japan becomes an imperialist power

11. What is the Open Door Policy? An American approach to China around 1900 favoring open trade relations between China and other nations

12. Cause of the Open Door Policy Defeat of China in Sino-Japanese War Western powers �carving� up China along the coast Americans did not participate in this but felt they would be left out � called for Open Door Policy

13. Effects of Open-Door China carved up into Sphere�s of Influence Foreign powers competed for railways, mining and foreign trade ports throughout China

14. What is the Boxer Rebellion Anti-foreign movement in China in 1900 Boxers attacked foreigners across China

15. Causes of Boxer Rebellion Foreign influence � including architecture, industrial machines, technology and religion Religion � Christian Missionaries threatened Chinese Confucianism Foreign Troops � foreigners lived under extraterritoriality, did not follow Chinese laws, lived in own communities

16. Effects of Boxer Rebellion China had to make concessions to foreigners Chinese conservatives supported Westernization Admitted women to schools Stressed science and math instead of Confucian thought Economic expansion � growth of exports Chinese industry developed � emergence of urban working class Spread Chinese Nationalism

17. Self-Strengthening Movement �What was this? An attempt to infuse Western Technology into Chinese culture Movement was promoted by Scholar-Generals who had fought during the Taiping Rebellion

18. Cause of Self-Strengthening Defeat of China during Opium War Defeat of China during Taiping Rebellion Unequal trade treaties Examination and Translation of Western Learning in the mid 1800�s

19. Effects of Self-Strengthening Imported Western Technologies Set up factories to make modern weapons Developed Shipyards, railroads, mining and light industry Translation of Western works on Science, Government and the Economy Movement made little progress because of lack of government support