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United States Constitution

United States Constitution. Selected Sections. Purpose. This presentation is designed to give an overview of the relevant sections of the US Constitution to higher education. The course will address these in more detail as the course progresses.

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United States Constitution

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  1. United States Constitution Selected Sections

  2. Purpose • This presentation is designed to give an overview of the relevant sections of the US Constitution to higher education. • The course will address these in more detail as the course progresses. • Read the relevant sections of the Constitution along with the presentation. • Click here for a printable version

  3. Article I Article II Article III Amendment 1 Amendment 4 Amendment 5 Amendment 6 Amendment 8 Amendment 10 Amendment 14 Index

  4. Article I • Outlines the powers of Congress, dividing it into two sections, the House of Representatives and the Senate. • Its primary power is passing laws for the nation in accordance with the Constitution. Its other powers include declaring war, taxing, creating money, and issues related to military support. • It sets the age requirements for each, and the power to set its own rules. • As a result, the rules for each are very different.

  5. Article II • Outlines the powers of the Executive branch– the president, which include executing the laws passed by Congress, appointing ambassadors, federal judges, and other governmental officials, and giving pardons to individuals convicted of crimes. • The president is also the Commander in Chief giving ultimate authority of the military to that office. • Like Article I, this article establishes the requirements for a person to be president.

  6. Article III • Outlines the powers of the judicial branch—which begins with the Supreme Court. Congress has created additional courts, as is its power under this Article. The jurisdiction—the right for a court to here a case—is established by this section for the Supreme Court.

  7. Amendment 1 • This is the kitchen sink amendment—everything was included in this Amendment in case it was the only one passed. • It provides citizens freedom of speech, exercising their religion, protection from government imposed religion, a free press, free assembly, and the right to seek redress from the Government. • Note to what entity this Amendment applies. What does this mean?

  8. Amendment 4 • This amendment addresses the issue of searches and seizures. Usually a seizure followed a search, but not always. This amendment has gone through an incredible evolution and when you study this one further, you will see this clearly.

  9. Amendment 5 • This amendment primarily relates to criminal issues and gives the accused the protection against double jeopardy and self-incrimination, and the right to due process. • The due process clause is repeated in the 14th Amendment and is of extreme importance to public higher education. • The last clause requires the government to pay for land that it takes by force.

  10. Amendment 6 • This amendment relates entirely to criminal prosecutions. It provides for a speedy trial by jury with assistance of an attorney, requires that the accused be able to confront any witnesses, allows the accused to subpoena witnesses in support.

  11. Amendment 8 • This is a simple and brief amendment that limited the punishment the government could impose on its citizens after being convicted for a crime or other violation.

  12. Amendment 10 • This amendment states as follows: • The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people. • While brief, this is a very important amendment. It lets the states know that only powers reserved for the federal government in the Constitution belong to the federal government. Every power not mentioned is a power of the states.

  13. Amendment 11 • This amendment’s importance has increased over the last years. It protects states from lawsuits from citizens. It is a type of governmental immunity.

  14. Amendment 14 • While there are 5 sections to this Amendment, it is really the first that receives the most attention. • It first gives citizens of the US rights and privileges that carry across state borders. • It also prevents states from taking a persons property, freedom, or life without first providing due process. • Finally, it requires the phrase “equal protection” under the law for a state’s citizens.

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