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Midterm Review 1

Midterm Review 1. Introduction Basic terminology and concepts. Physical Layer Time and frequency domains. Bandwidth and data rate. Analog and digital transmission. Simplex, half-duplex and full-duplex transmission. Midterm Review 2. Physical Layer (cont’d) Transmission impairments.

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Midterm Review 1

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  1. Midterm Review 1 • Introduction • Basic terminology and concepts. • Physical Layer • Time and frequency domains. • Bandwidth and data rate. • Analog and digital transmission. • Simplex, half-duplex and full-duplex transmission.

  2. Midterm Review 2 • Physical Layer (cont’d) • Transmission impairments. • Decibel. • S/N ratio. • Channel capacity. • Nyquist. • Shannon. • Types / properties / advantages / disadvantages of media • Copper (UTP: Cat-3, Cat-5) • Fiber.

  3. Midterm Review 3 • Physical Layer (cont’d) • Data encoding • Analog-to-digital. • (Time sampling / amplitude quantization) • Digital-to-analog. • (Data reconstruction) • Transmission modes. • Synchronous. • Asynchronous.

  4. Midterm Review 4 • Data Link Layer (Error & Flow Control) • Framing • Error detection / correction schemes. • Parity. • Hamming distance • CRC (polynomial encoding) Flow control.

  5. Midterm Review 5 • Flow Control • Acknowledgement • Stop and Wait • PAR / ARQ • Sliding Window • Piggybacking • “go back n” • Pipelining • Selective repeat

  6. Bit Length of a Link • Assume link is fully occupied • 1st bit is just arriving at the receiver • sender has sent continuously • R = data rate (bps) • d = distance (length of link) (meters) • V = propagation velocity (meters / second) • (~ 2 - 3 x 108 meters/second) • Bit length = Rd / V bits

  7. Midterm Review 6 • DLL / MAC protocols • Static • Dynamic • Multiplexing. • Frequency-Division Multiplexing (FDM). • Time-Division Multiplexing (TDM). • Statistical Time-Division Multiplexing (STDM).

  8. Midterm Review 7 • LANs • Protocol architecture. • Ethernet (802.3) design parameters (length, frame size) standards / reasons • Frame format (not details) • LAN topologies.

  9. Midterm Review 8 • MAC • Centralized and distributed control. • Synchronous and asynchronous. • Asynchronous MAC. • Round-robin, reservation, and contention. • LLC for LANs.

  10. Midterm Review 9 • MAC protocols. • Contention. • ALOHA and Slotted ALOHA. • CSMA. • CSMA/CD. • Token Passing • Token bus. • Token ring.

  11. Midterm Review 10 • Ethernet • Cabling • Manchester encoding • Backoff • Switched • Performance / speed / length • High-Speed LANs • FDDI • Fast Ethernet • Gigabit Ethernet

  12. Midterm Review 11 • Wireless LANs • Hidden station problem • MACA / MACAW • RTS / CTS • Frames / Fragments

  13. Midterm Review 12 • LAN interconnection • Interconnection schemes and devices. • Bridges • VLAN • Routing with bridges / transparent bridges • Fixed routing. • Spanning tree • Source routing • Route discovery • Address learning • Backward learning

  14. Encapsulation Application data TCP header IP header LLC header MAC MAC header trailer TCP segment IPdatagram LLC PDU MAC frame

  15. Summary Channel allocation methods and systems for a common channel. X X X

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