420 likes | 425 Vues
U.S. History. Texas – Manifest Destiny – Mexican War. Objective 2.01. Analyze the effects of territorial expansion and the admission of new states to the Union 1801 – 1850. Manifest Destiny. Belief that God wanted American to expand West…and beyond John O’Sullivan - 1845 Led to Mexican War.
E N D
U.S. History Texas – Manifest Destiny – Mexican War
Objective 2.01 • Analyze the effects of territorial expansion and the admission of new states to the Union 1801 – 1850.
Manifest Destiny • Belief that God wanted American to expand West…and beyond • John O’Sullivan - 1845 • Led to Mexican War
Oregon Trail • From Independence, MO to Portland, OR – carried thousands of immigrants west
Texas • Revolution in 1836 – fights war for independence with Mexico • Back to 1820s, American settlers began to settle Texas • Tejanos and Americans clashed • Slavery • Import duties
Texas Revolution • Santa Ana • Mexico
Stephen Austin • Established one of the first colonies of American settlers in Texas
Goliad • Texans attack Mexican troops at Presidio La Bahia • Flag of the Texas Rebels
“Remember the Alamo” • Alamo inspires many to join the fight
Expansion becomes a nat’l issue • Many Americans want to expand • Especially Southerners • Texas wants to be part of the Union
Webster-Ashburton Treaty (1842) • Settled boundary dispute in Maine (w/ Great Britain) • US monitored slave trade (restricted) • Settled troublesome issues through diplomacy
Why is Texas a hot topic? • Slavery – southerners wanted expansion • Northerners did not want expansion
Election of 1844 • James K. Polk – Democrat – Expansionist • James G. Birney – Liberty – Abolitionists • Henry Clay – Whig – endorsed annexation
James K. Polk • Wins a landslide electoral victory – close popular election
“54 40 or Fight!” • Polk wanted to annex Oregon
Texas Annexation • Congress and Tyler see Polk’s election as a mandate for the annexation of Texas
Problems with Mexico • Slidell’s rejection • John Slidell sent by Polk to talk to Mexican gov’t. • Wants to offer to buy New Mexico and California • Mexican gov’t. refuses to talk to him • Ready for war
Taylor’s troops • Polk ordered Gen. Zachary Taylor (“Old Rough and Ready”) to the Rio Grand R. in 1845
Disputed Land • 100 miles of disputed territory between the Nueces River and the Rio Grande River
WAR! • Taylor’s troops ambushed by Mexican troops • Polk – “American blood shed upon American soil”
A. Lincoln – “Spot Resolutions” • Congress declares war
U.S. mobilization • U.S. mobilizes speedily • 50,000 volunteers
Mexican War • U.S. won several victories • Winfield Scott – “Old Fuss and Feathers”
Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo • Ended Mexican War • U.S. gained Mexican Cession, ~ ½ of Mexico’s territory, and much of present-day Southwestern U.S.
Wilmot Proviso • If passed would have guaranteed that slavery would not extend to any part of Mexican Cession • defeated
U.S. settlers move to California • Gold discovered at Sutter’s Mill • Gold rush brings diversity to CA. • Many settlers rush to CA in 1849 (49ers)
Gadsden Purchase • Small Southwestern strip of land purchased by US from Mexico in 1853 for $10 million with the intent of building a southern transcontinental railroad • Completes the lower 48 states
Expansion brings slavery to the front again • Expansion of the country brings division • Will slavery expand into the territories?
"Westward the Course of Empire Takes its Way (Westward Ho!)" by Emanuel Leutze 1861