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Body Systems II

Body Systems II. Excretory System (p. 912, 861skin). function – to remove liquid wastes of metabolism parts: kidneys – filter blood ureters – carry urine to urinary bladder urinary bladder – stores urine urethra – removes urine from body skin – removes sweat (salt, water)

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Body Systems II

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  1. Body Systems II

  2. Excretory System (p. 912, 861skin) function – to remove liquid wastes of metabolism parts: kidneys – filter blood ureters – carry urine to urinary bladder urinary bladder – stores urine urethra – removes urine from body skin – removes sweat (salt, water) pore – releases sweat oil gland – produces oil

  3. Circulatory System (p. 872,881 heart) function–pump & transport blood throughout body parts: heart – pumps blood arteries – carry blood away from heart arterioles (smaller in diameter than arteries, same function) capillaries – connect arterioles & venules venules – (smaller in diameter than veins, same function) blood – carries O2 & nutrients to all cells & removes CO2 & metabolic wastes

  4. Circulatory System Types of circulation: 1) coronary – circulation through the heart 2) pulmonary – circulation to/from lungs 3) systemic – circulation to/from the body

  5. Path of blood flow: superior & inferior vena cava right atrium valve right ventricle valve pulmonary artery lungs pulmonary vein left atrium valve left ventricle valve aorta

  6. Endocrine System (p. 975) function - secretes hormones (chemical messengers) to trigger target organs pituitary gland – “master gland” – secretes hormones that trigger other endocrine glands thyroid gland – secretes thyroxine (regulates metabolism) & calcitonin (regulates Ca+ levels) parathyroid glands – secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH) thymus gland – functions in the immune system adrenal glands – secrete epinephrine & norepinephrine

  7. Endocrine System pancreas – secretes insulin & glucagon to regulate blood sugar levels ovaries – (F) – secrete estrogen & progesterone testes – (M) – secrete testosterone

  8. Nervous System (p. 943, 951 brain) function – integration & control of information parts: CNS – (central nervous system) brain – sends, receives, & integrates messages spinal cord – relays messages to/from brain (nerve cord) PNS – (peripheral nervous system) nerves – carry messages

  9. Nervous System neuron – nerve cell (most specialized) cerebrum – large part of brain (intellect, memory) cerebellum – smaller part of brain (coordination)

  10. Reproductive System (p. 995) function (M) – produces sperm & prepares them for delivery to a female’s body testes – produce sperm vas deferens – transport sperm to urethra penis – delivers semen to female reproductive tract scrotum – houses testes

  11. Reproductive System function – produces eggs, houses & nourishes a developing embryo ovaries – produce eggs Fallopian tubes (oviducts) – transport eggs to uterus uterus – nourishes/protects developing fetus vagina – transports unfertilized eggs out of body/ facilitates sperm transport into body

  12. Reproductive System ovulation – release of a mature egg menstruation – shedding the uterine linint menopause – when ovulation ceases

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