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Body Systems

Body Systems . Digestive system. some major parts of the digestive system are the stomach, the intestines, and the mouth.

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Body Systems

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  1. Body Systems

  2. Digestive system some major parts of the digestive system are the stomach, the intestines, and the mouth. FUNCTION: the digestion of food and the breaking down of food from macromolecules to monomers to be absorbed by the blood for distribution to the cells. These nutrients are used for either the production of ATP, growth, repair of tissues.

  3. Regulating Hunger Hunger is controlled by the hypothalamus, which is a part of the brain also involved in controlling thirst and sex drive. When levels of nutrients in the blood are low, the hypothalamus sends a signal to thestomach, which causes the stomach to contract. These contractions are what we associate as “pangs” of hunger. The hypothalamus receives feedback as the stomach begins to fill with food. As a result, the hunger decreases and eventually subsides.

  4. Circulatory System FUNCTION: blood is pumped by your heart and takes nutrients and oxygen to the cells and removes wastes including carbon dioxide to be eliminated from the body. The blood cells- Red blood cells are responsible for carrying oxygen and carbon dioxide throughout your body the take oxygen from the lungs and go to the cells which take the oxygen and give the red blood cells the carbon dioxide. The blood cells then travel back to the heart and get more oxygen and get rid of the carbon dioxide. There are about 5 million red blood cells in a drop of blood. White blood cells are responsible for fighting off disease. They will fight any bacteria that can cause infection. When you are sick you body will make more. Platelets are responsible for stopping bleeding. When you have a cut you have broken blood vessels and the platelets stick to the outside to stop the bleeding. They will eventually completely cover the cut and form a scab.

  5. Respiratory System -The main function of the respiratory system is gas exchange by diffusion from the lungs to the bloodstream of oxygen (circulatory system) or the reverse; diffusion of carbon dioxide from the bloodstream to the lungs for exhalation.

  6. Nervous System FUNCTION: the control and communication system of the body using electrical impulses through nerve cells (neurons). receives messages throughout the body. ● This system controls all thoughts and movements of the body. ● The nervous system consists of neurons(which carries the electrical messages),the brain (which helps the body respond to the electrical signals),and the spinal cord (which is a tube of neurons that runs up the spine and to the brain.

  7. Excretory or Urinary PURPOSE: removes wastes from the blood & produces urine for excretion. Homeostasis of water. Kidneys use active transport to move water into the kidneys from the blood for excretion OR prevent water from being removed when dehydration is present . Liver: largest organ in the body that performs de-tox actions. These products are filtered by the kidneys

  8. Immune system PURPOSE: protect the body and the cells inside from invasion from pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, or the like. Parts: Skin, inflammatory response, mucous , pH of the stomach, phagocytes (white blood cells), killer T cells & B cells.

  9. Endocrine system PURPOSE: Chemical communication by hormones distributed by the circulatory system. Hormones control: Blood sugar & calcium levels. Fight or flight (adrenaline) Sleep-wake cycle Metabolism & development.

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