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Understanding AI-2: Mechanisms and Metabolic Functions in Bacterial Communication

This overview explores the structure, synthesis, and functions of AI-2 (Autoinducer-2), a group of molecules crucial for bacterial quorum sensing. Notably produced by the LuxS enzyme, AI-2 plays a significant role in intercellular communication, influencing bacterial behavior and metabolic pathways. The discussion highlights various components, including LuxS, SAH, X-CH3, and the activated methyl cycle, as well as the relationship between AI-2 and related toxic metabolites. Understanding AI-2's role can offer insights into microbial interactions and potential therapeutic targets.

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Understanding AI-2: Mechanisms and Metabolic Functions in Bacterial Communication

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  1. HO OH B CH3 CH3 HO HO O O HO OH OH CH3 HO HO O O O CH3 HO O HO HO O HO R-THMF MHF S-THMF OH CH3 O O - CH3 OH O O HO HO R-DHMF S-DHMF OH O Pfs OH O LuxS DPD LuxP Ligand LsrB Ligand Toxic Metabolite AI-2 is a group of molecules -2 H2O + B(OH)4- S-THMF-borate -H2O -H2O H2O H2O Fig 2 AI-2 is made by LuxS SAH X-CH3 SRH X LuxS has metabolic function OA HCY SAM MetB CysK MET SO42- S2- CYS protein Activated Methyl Cycle

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