Education/Project Module Blood Flow

1. Education/Project ModuleBlood Flow • Lessons on concepts of the human circulatory system Regulation of blood flow hemostasis and thrombosis Effect of pressure and velocity on blood flow Christine Karklins

2. Education Module - Requisite background • Human circulatory system knowledge • Blood and its components • Blood coagulation basics • Viscosity and its effect on flow rate • Pressure and flow/relationships

3. Coagulation Educational Module Examples Blood & related anomalies Human blood & components

4. Educational Module Materials • syringe • Tubing and connectors • Graduated cylinders - measure solutions • Food coloring - instead of buffer solution • Y connectors - branches in “vessels” • Corn starch

5. Project Module – 5 step experiment Observe and listen to students as they work individually and in groups. STEP 1: circulation model • Components:syringe, tubing • Input: Fluid (Water+food color) • Output: Measure outlet flow rate • Compute: Velocity (vary diameter) • Analysis: Relationship (flow,velocity, diameter)

6. With Clot Branching

7. STEP 2: EFFECT OF BLOOD VISCOSITY • Use Model described in Step 1 • Measure the effects of viscosity on blood flow • Add corn starch to thicken the “blood” for viscousness • Calculate the flow rate as function of relative viscosity • Theoretically calculate the flow rate of patients with anomalies in blood cell counts and corroborate with this model.

8. STEP 3: BRANCHING model • Components: syringe, tubing, connectors • Input: Fluid (Water+food color) • Output: Measure outlet flow rate • Compute: Velocity (vary diameter) • Analysis: Effect of distributed blood flow • (flow rate, velocity)

9. STEP 4: DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS (DVT) model • Components: syringe, tubing, cotton balls • Input: Fluid (Water+food color) • Assembly: Cotton of different thickness/density plugged into tubing • Output: Measure outlet flow rate) • Analysis: Effect of ‘clot’ on flow rate • Improvements: Model ‘clot’ dissolution, movement

10. STEP 5: Synthetic biomaterials & Thrombosis Catheter Stent Heart Valve • Objectives: familiarity with prosthetic materials stents, vascular grafts (tube like) • Components: vascular grafts, stents, pump • Focus in research is on the development of anti-thombotic materials • Model stent, grafts for presentation.

11. Assessment Activity Post-test: • Assesses the students’ knowledge of the circulatory system • Assess the students understanding of blood and its components Experiment/Lab Report: • Assesses the students’ knowledge of the engineering principles that govern the circulatory system. • Assess the ability of the student to grasp the concepts of experimental in vitro experiments

12. Extention Activity Students may choose one of the following projects as a culminating activity: • Research on circulatory system, blood and coagulation. • Presentation: Create a Poster Board or Pamphlet to educate their school/community about the human circulatory system in the context of…hemostasis, thrombus, the heart and heart disease. • Research important people, events, inventions, and advancements in bioengineering. • Investigate and report on current and future technologies used to treat vascular disease.

13. Ethics • Case study…present students with a scenario in which a scientist does not include data that is inconsistent with his conclusion. Have class discussion on ethical considerations of omitting data. • Maintenance of graft-5yr life span for material • Code of ethics online http://www.onlineethics.org/ • Discussion: What data should be kept? What data should be thrown out? Why? • Discuss design criteria for ideal vascular graft, limitations and successes of current grafts. • Justice issues.

14. Analyze the pure and applied research nature of science Evaluate public perceptions of value of scientific research Assess short- and long-term risks/benefits of specific pure research which directly led, or may lead, to direct applications.