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Understanding Research Methods: Theory, Construct, and Operationalization

Learn about theory, construct, and operationalization in research methods. Explore how to connect and organize data, develop a framework for future research, and create a coherent story. Understand the difference between construct and operationalization, and where to conduct research - in the field or laboratory. Dive into external validity, observational methods, and the distinction between correlational and experimental research.

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Understanding Research Methods: Theory, Construct, and Operationalization

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  1. RESEARCH METHODS Reminder: Topics Due Wednesday

  2. THEORY • Explanations • Connect & organize data • Framework for future research • Coherent story

  3. CONSTRUCT • An abstract idea. • Examples: • Justice • Humor • Love

  4. OPERATIONALIZATION • ConstructConcrete terms • Multiple possibilities • CONSTRUCT VALIDITY

  5. Where to conduct the research? • The Field • Real world setting. • ADVANTAGE: Realism. • DISADVANTAGE: Lack of control.

  6. Where to conduct the research? • The Laboratory • The essence of a real situation in a controlled environment. • ADVANTAGE: You control the environment. • DISADVANTAGE: Do the results generalize?

  7. EXTERNAL VALIDITY • Do the results obtained in the study generalize to other contexts? • Demand Characteristics

  8. OBSERVATIONAL METHOD • Observe and describe

  9. CORRELATIONAL VS. EXPERIMENTAL • Correlational research examines naturally occurring relationships • ADVANTAGE: Realism. • DISADVANTAGE: Limited conclusions.

  10. CORRELATIONAL VS. EXPERIMENTAL • CORRELATION ≠ CAUSATION!!! • 3 possible explanations • X causes Y. • Y causes X. • X and Y are both caused by a third variable.

  11. DEFINING FEATURES OF AN EXPERIMENT • Controlled conditions • Independent variable • Dependent variable • Random Assignment

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