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Rome

A History of. Rome. Geography. Geography. Italy is a boot shaped Peninsula that extends from Europe towards Africa, directly in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea . -Mild climate, rich soil, great for farming. Roman Republic:. Ancient History. Etruscans:.

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Rome

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  1. A History of Rome

  2. Geography

  3. Geography Italy is a boot shaped Peninsula that extends from Europe towards Africa, directly in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea. -Mild climate, rich soil, great for farming.

  4. Roman Republic: Ancient History Etruscans: --Ancient we don’t know much about them. -- Controlled Much of Italy, including Rome. Rome Overthrew the Etruscan kings and set up a republican form of government (Where leaders are elected by vote.)

  5. What does Roman Republic look like? Patricians: Wealthy aristocratic class.

  6. What does Roman Republic look like? Patricians: Wealthy aristocratic class. Plebeians: Commoners (Most of the population)

  7. What does Roman Republic look like? Patricians: Wealthy aristocratic class. Plebeians: Commoners (Most of the population The 99%) Right to Vote Right to Vote Pay Taxes Pay Taxes Can hold Office Cannot hold Office Military

  8. What does Roman Republic look like? STRIKE!!! 494 BC – Plebeians go on strike. No military, no workers. Threaten to set up their own government. Patricians allow plebeians to set up ‘tribunes’ group of people who plebeians elect that can veto any government decision. Also pressed to have the laws written down. 12 bronze tablets were engraved, became the basis for all Roman Law.

  9. How do We go from Republic to Empire? Background: 500 BC to 300 BC- Rome expands and conquers enemies. Eventually acquires entire Italian peninsula. -Strong army. Organized in Roman Legions – 3000 to 6000 men.

  10. Background: Continued First goal: Control Mediterranean sea Rome Carthage -North African city state: Carthage, military leader Hannibal: Contender for Power. Punic Wars: Hannibal marches from Spain to Rome and almost wins, but losses. Romans become undisputed Power-house of Mediterranean Sea.

  11. Background: Continued Second goal: Mass expansion Talk about this in a minute Rome is in Red Immigrants who lost land, wealth, lifestyle come into Rome and can’t find jobs. Poor and civil unrest. Can’t compete with Slaves. Huge amount of wealth & Land flooding into Rome. Conquered people rebel, corrupt officials overtax conquered lands. Rich are getting richer buying up the estates of farmers who lose their lands.

  12. Julius Caesar Roman general who takes over Gaul & Britain. Extremely Popular Land Caesar takes for Rome Becomes ‘dictator for life.’ Gave government jobs to unemployed people. Gives citizenship to conquered people. Created & implemented the Julian Calendar (pretty close to today)

  13. Julius Caesar What Happens to him? Some thought he was gaining too much power. Possibly someone who would abolish the entire senate and become an emperor 15 March 44 BC killed by a small mob of people on his way to the senate. His friend Brutus is supposed to have led the killing blow, Literally stabbing him in the back with a knife. “ Et tu, Brutus?”

  14. Julius Caesar Caesar Augustus Caesar’s Nephew Octavian becomes undisputed ruler of Rome in 32 BC. Names himself Augustus ‘Majestic One.’ : Caesar Augustus. First ‘Emperor of Rome’ Reigns for 40 years 27BC to 14 AD. Beginning of the PaxRomana: Roman Peace, Golden Age

  15. PaxRomana Definition: Time Period when the Romans have their biggest advancements and contributions to Human History. Roman Law is developed and clarified: People have certain legal rights. Accused people are innocent until proven guilty. Rome has about 300,000 troops at any one time, but a border that is 4,000 miles long. Hard to constantly keep guarded. Invaders will be a constant problem for the empire.

  16. PaxRomana Society & Culture Rome imports amazing minerals from around Europe & Asia. Examples: Tin, Iron, Lead, Silk, Cloth, Spices. Romans use the ‘Arch’ for large scale construction of Aqueducts bringing fresh water and plumbing to their cities. Romans build the Coliseum for entertainment purposes.

  17. Roman Pantheon Romans Create the Pantheon in Rome. First domed building ever.

  18. Roman Pantheon

  19. Building 10, MIT

  20. Hendricks Chapel, Syracuse University

  21. Monticello, VA Thomas Jefferson’s House

  22. Jefferson Memorial Washington, DC.

  23. City Hall San Francisco , CA.

  24. National Art GalleryWashington, DC.

  25. Capitol BuildingTrenton , NJ.

  26. university Of VA

  27. PaxRomana Religion Christianity appears in the small roman providence of Judea. Spreads throughout the empire. Roman Emperor Constantine converts empire to make Christianity the official religion. Rome is the center of the empire politically and also spiritually becomes the center of the empire: Roman Catholic Church.

  28. Decline of Rome What Happens? 395 AD- Rome is split into the Western Empire (Rome) and Eastern Empire (Constantinople).

  29. Decline of Rome What Happens? Rome is constantly invaded by outside groups: Goths, Vandals, Franks, Angles, Saxons all take a bite out of the empire at one time or another. 410 AD Rome (the City itself) is actually attacked and sacked by invaders. 500 AD- Rome does not have tax revenue or a military presence to have any influence outside of Italy. 476 AD Last roman Emperor is ousted by Germanic General. Most people living within the old ‘Roman Empire’ do not answer to anyone politically outside of their village.

  30. What about the East? Constantinople continues on for years. Called: Byzantine Empire Continues on in the tradition of Rome, even re-conquers Rome for a short amount of time. Splits from the Roman Church and creates the Eastern Orthodox or ‘Greek Orthodox church’ 1453 taken over by the ottomans, Islamic nation. Renamed Istanbul. Official end to Roman Empire.

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