Industry Research

1. Industry Research By Connor Redman

2. Director • Explanation • A director is the main person in charge of the direction subdivision from the production sector. • Example • Tony Gilroy Director of The Bourne Legacy (Left) and James Watkins director of The woman in black (Right)

3. Producer • Explanation • The Producer’s role is to the production company and the Executive Producers who are appointed to supervise the production on behalf of the Financiers and Distributors. All in all, the Producer is the person who must remember what the central vision and goal of the movie is and to be fiscally and creatively responsible for that, the role also incorportes budget control. • Example • Frank Marshall The Bourne Legacy and Ponyo(Left) and Simon Oakes The woman in black and The Resident (Right)

4. Screen Writer/Script Writer • Explanation • A screenwriter or scriptwriter or scenario writer is a writer who practices the craft of screenwriting, writing screenplays on which mass media such as films, television programs, comics or video games are based. • Example • George Nolfi The Bourne Legacy and the adjustment bureau (Left) Jane Goldman The Woman in black and Kick Ass (Right)

5. Other Roles in production • There are many other roles in the production side of films such as: • Stunt Coordinator • Cast Coordinator • Runners

6. Film Funding • Private Investors – Private investors fund film production by seeing an idea that they think will be successful and giving the producer funds to create the film for a return on the money they invested. • Lottery (UK) – The UK national lottery supports aspiring UK Film makers by offering funding to create their films with a budget. • TV Programs – In the circumstances where a television program ears a large amount of money they may decide to fund the creation of a film based around the television series. • Governments – This is when a government gives money to an individual to create a film maybe for a purpose such as to incorporate propaganda into the film or just to encourage the country to further there horizons In film, most French films are government funded. • Foreign Investors – Large foreign companies usually from America invest in other countries film producers projects because they think it will be successful and want some of the profit and or recognition themselves.Non financial investments such as licensing of locations, EG – New Zealand and ‘The Hobbit (2012).

7. Major Film Companies in distribution • Warner Brothers – Harry Potter And the deathly hallows Part 2 (2012) • 20th Century FOX – Machete (2010) • Walt Disney Studio – Toy Story 3 (2011) • Momentum Pictures – The girl with the dragon tattoo (2010) • Lionsgate Films – The Hunger Games (2012)

8. Pre Production In The Woman In black • Pre-production or In Production is the process of preparing all the elements involved in a film, Pre-production ends when the planning ends and the content starts being produced. Pre production for the woman in black finished before the 26th September 2010 which is when the principal photography for normal produciton began.

9. Production In the woman in black • Production started on the 26th September 2010 and the filming concluded 4th December 2010 and then editing continued until late June 2011.

10. Technologies Used in production of films

11. Post Production The Woman In Black • At the Kapow! Comic Con in London during April 2011, director James Watkins confirmed filming had been completed in December 2010 and post production would go on until June 2011. For its British release, several changes were made in order to qualify for a 12A certificate: Momentum Theatrical, the distributor, arranged to have six seconds cut and for changes to other shots, with some scenes darkened and the sound level reduced on some others. The cuts were never revealed to audiences, but comparing the US and UK cuts of the film reveals that the scenes where the woman hangs from the nursery ceiling and when Lucy Jerome sets herself on fire were cut short in the UK version.

12. Technologies used in The Bourne Legacy • The Cameras used to shoot the film where I-MAX cameras which are extremely high quality and spec cameras used in most big budget films for their reliability and amazing quality. • The Film used very little special effects and basically zero green screen, all of the stunts shown in the film where actually performed by the actors and the sets are all real places. http://uk.imdb.com/title/tt1194173/ • technical

13. Film Distribution • Definition: The Process of sending the media text out to the target audience with the intent of gaining as much reception as possible. • Once the director has approved his final cut a preview screening is organized for the distribution company. The Distributor aims to make as much profit off of putting the film out there as possible. • Effective distribution is essential to the success of the film, if it is not shown in the right areas to the right audiences the film will have no interest and therefore be unsuccessful. • Film Distribution usually includes putting the movie in Cinema screenings and then later on onto Digital format copies. • Synergy

14. Film Promotion • Definition: is the marketing of the film, the aim of marketing is to raise the awareness of the product and thus influencing the audiences to go and see the film or purchase products. • Popular techniques include, adverts, posters, billboards, teasers, trailers and promotional merchandise and yet after all of this Word of mouth is still by far the most powerful promotional technique going, not only as it is free but because it reaches the target audience directly. • The methods I believe to be most effective would be Word of mouth and trailers, trailers gat the audiences visual attention and starts them talking about it and then the word of mouth spreads the attention that the trailer originally gained. • Another example of promotion is Synergy, where two companies join together to promote both of their products in one this can be seen in Ice Ages work with McDonalds.

15. Audience theories in film • Theories are present in almost every form of media text, they just need to be found, By applying the majority of audience theories a media text becomes a lot more successful however some theories are made to explain negative affects as well. • In the next few slides The main audience theories will be explained more in depth.

16. Encoding Decoding • Encoding/Decoding By Stuart Hall (1973) –This theory shows the audience all as individuals who interpret the meaning in media in different ways depending on variables such as ethnicity and background, there is three categories of interpretation Preferred which is agreement with the meaning, negotiated where they are unsure and oppositional where they disagree. An example of this theory in use is in films when a strong message is trying to be portrayed – this can be seen in a lot of war film and/or real life based films such as Saving Private Ryan, Avatar and a lot more.

17. Hypodermic needle • Hypodermic Needle (1940’s) – This is the theory that A message has a direct effect on its audience through mass media, Such as Propaganda in a film making the audience wish to join the military, or certain religious views in a film. • In 2006 the Film ‘Kidult Hood’ caused a Moral panic, in the film it showed teenagers and youths as Deviants and trouble makers and affected a lot of people who viewed the media product, generating a fear or spite of teenagers due to the films use of the hypodermic needle theory. • The Hurt Locker is a 2008 American war film about a three-man Explosive Ordnance Disposal team during the Iraq War, the hypodermic needle was present in this movie not to create a moral panic but to pull people into joining the army, the whole film is used as propaganda.

18. Cultural Industry • Cultural Industry (1944) Adorno And Horkheimer – The theory states that media texts are repetitive and standardised, the theory also states that media texts are created to control and generate and idealistic biased world for the audiences and ultimately make money in a capitalist economy. • Action films usually conform to particular conventions, the standard conventions of an action movie incorporate a Male Protagonist versus a Male Antagonist and a Female damsel in distress gets thrown into the mix to try and heighten the sense of justice around the protagonist. The normal plot is the protagonist beating the bad guy and saving the damsel and they both live happily.

19. Uses and Gratifications • Uses and Gratifications (1974)Blumler And Katz – This theory suggests that people watch films or media texts for certain reasons:Diversion - escape from everyday problems and routine.Personal Relationships - using the media for emotional and other interaction, eg) substituting soap operas for family lifePersonal Identity - finding yourself reflected in texts, learning behaviour and values from textsSurveillance– People watch films such as feature length documentaries in order to gain knowledge of what is happening around the world, examples of films like these Super Size Me (2004) and Bowling For Columbine (2002).The Theory still be seen in films such as Avatar and Pans Labyrinth.