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The Sonnet

The Sonnet. Sonnet. A lyric poem consisting of fourteen lines---usually in Iambic Pentameter.

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The Sonnet

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  1. The Sonnet

  2. Sonnet • A lyric poem consisting of fourteen lines---usually in Iambic Pentameter. • A dialectical construct which allows the poet to examine the nature and ramifications of two usually contrastive ideas, emotions, states of mind, beliefs, actions, events, images, etc., by juxtaposing the two against each other, and possibly resolving or just revealing the tensions created and operative between the two.

  3. Italian ---Sonnetto --- “little song.” • There are three types of sonnets: • Italian or Petrachan • Spenserian • English or Shakespearean • Volta---(Italian: “turn”) the turn in thought in a sonnet that is often indicated by such initial words as But, Yet, or And yet.

  4. Italian / Petrachan Sonnet • The sonnet originated in Italy in the thirteenth century. • Petrarch perfected the form in the fourteenth century.

  5. Italian / Petrachan Sonnet • Divided into and octave and a sestet. • Octave rhyme scheme: • abbaabba • Typically presents a narrative, states a proposition, or raises a question. • Sestet rhyme scheme (either): • cdecde • cdcdcd • cdedce • Drives home the narrative by making an abstract comment, applies the proposition, or solves the problem

  6. Spenserian Sonnet • The Spenserian sonnet, invented by Edmund Spenser as an outgrowth of the stanza pattern he used in The Faerie Queene. • Spencerian pattern • abab,bcbc,cdcd,ee • The "abab" pattern sets up three distinct four-line stanzas. • Ends with a separated final couplet.

  7. The three quatrains then develop three distinct but closely related ideas, with a different idea (or commentary) in the couplet. • Spenser often begins his sonnets with "But" or "Yet," indicating a volta exactly where it would occur in the Italian sonnet. • However, the actual volta occurs where the rhyme pattern changes, with the couplet.

  8. English / Shakespearean Sonnet • Four divisions are used: • Three quatrains • Each quatrain has a rhyme scheme of its own, usually rhyming alternate lines. • One rhymed couplet • Shakespearean---abab,cdcd,efef,gg.

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