The Sonnet
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The Sonnet. Petrarchan/Italian. ABBAABBACDCDCD Petarch: father of Humanism the human form is manifest of the divine individualism, emotionalism, hedonism 14 th century Italy Considered one of the first modern poets Laura was his muse
The Sonnet
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Petrarchan/Italian • ABBAABBACDCDCD • Petarch: father of Humanism • the human form is manifest of the divine • individualism, emotionalism, hedonism • 14th century Italy • Considered one of the first modern poets • Laura was his muse • Petrarchan conceit: a metaphor comparing the beloved to the divine or great
Petrarch’s “Sonnet 159” In what bright realm, what sphere of radiant thought A Did Nature find the model whence she drew B That delicate dazzling image where we view B Here on this earth what she in heaven wrought? A What fountain-haunting nymph, what dryad, sought A In groves, such golden tresses ever threw B Upon the gust? What heart such virtues knew?— B Though her chief virtue with my death is frought. A TURN/VOLTA He looks in vain for heavenly beauty, he C Who never looked upon her perfect eyes, D The vivid blue orbs turning brilliantly – C He does not know how Love yields and denies; D He only knows, who knows how sweetly she C Can talk and laugh, the sweetness of her sighs. D
Shakespearean/English • ABABCDCDEFEFGG • Closing couplet usually plays with both ideas “closing” and/or “couple” • Iambic pentameter • 16th and 17th century England • Humanistic elements • More realistic, lasting love • Anti-petrarchan conceits (“my mistress’s eyes are nothing like the sun”) • Sonnet Sequence
Shakespeare’s “Sonnet 130” My mistress’ eyes are nothing like the sun; A Coral is far more red than her lips’ red; B If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun; A If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head. B I have seen roses damask’d, red and white, C But no such roses see I in her cheeks; D And in some perfumes is there more delight C Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks. D I love to hear her speak, yet will I know E That music hath a far more pleasing sound; F I grant that I never saw a goddess go; E My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground. F TURN/VOLTA And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare G As any she belied with false compare. G
Shakespeare’s “Sonnet 30” When to the sessions of sweet silent thoughtI summon up remembrance of things past, I sigh the lack of many a thing I sought, And with old woes new wail my dear time's waste:Then can I drown an eye, unused to flow, For precious friends hid in death's dateless night,And weep afresh love's long since cancell'd woe, And moan the expense of many a vanish'd sight: Then can I grieve at grievances foregone, And heavily from woe to woe tell o'er The sad account of fore-bemoaned moan, Which I new pay as if not paid before. But if the while I think on thee, dear friend,All losses are restored and sorrows end.
Create an English Sonnet • Write several lines (a quatrain?) of a sonnet. • Try to emulate Shakespeare’s ideas and language. • Write in iambic pentameter and use the rhyme scheme. • See how difficult it is?