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9. Almost Rosids to Rosids

This overview delves into the fascinating world of Rosids, particularly within the Santalales order, highlighting their unique traits, such as parasitism and distinct reproductive features. Rosids include a variety of hemiparasites and root parasites, emphasizing their ecological significance. The study covers their flower structure, placentation types, and evolutionary relationships, while also noting the challenges in classification and taxonomy. Explore the diversity of families, including Viscaceae and Loranthaceae, and their adaptations like hypanthium features and glandular leaves.

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9. Almost Rosids to Rosids

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  1. 9. Almost Rosids to Rosids

  2. Santalales • Lots of parasitism • Polyacetylenes • 1-seeded ovules, pendulous and free-central placentation • Molecules • In ours, flowers not prominent • Families not on required list

  3. “Santalaceae” • Hemiparasites • Root parasites

  4. Viscaceae • Epiphytic parasites • Haustoria • Stems jointed • Lvs opp, oft. Coriaceous or succ. • Flrs unisex, inconspic, radial • T3-4A3 (no fil),G3-4, inf. Viscous berry • Passive gametophyte • Pantrop + some temperate

  5. Loranthaceae • Us. Epiphytes • Lv opp or almost so • Flrs bisex, rad or bilat • Ca rimCo(3)5-6(9), distinct or conn, oft. Red or yellow, A=Co, opp, fil adnate • Aggr. gametophyte • Tropical

  6. ROSIDS • Weakly supported group • Also some lack of clarity of relationships within • Lots of representatives in our part of the world • Hypanthium features in many families • Radial symmetry common

  7. Saxifragales • Some families chiefly (only?) on molecular data • Hypanthium, 2-united carpels, glandular leaf teeth • Retained: 5-merous flowers with separate parts

  8. Saxifragaceae • Two interpretations Shaw – as in text; Welsh – much broader (older) • Herbs, often basal leaves, alt. NO STIPULES • Flr rad to bilat, HYPANTH, • Ca4-5 sometimes connate, Co4-5, oft. Clawed, St 3-10. G2(-5), connate, varying position, axile, oft. nectar disk • Fr. Capsule or follicle

  9. Crassulaceae

  10. Geraniales • Five families, 1 in north Utah • Morphological features of order • Leaf margins with glandular teeth • Inflorescence cymose • Calyx persistent in fruit • A few other characters • Anomocytic stomates • Vessel elements with simp[le perforations

  11. Geraniaceae • Remarkable feature is fruit • Herbs to subshrubs; stems usually jointed at nodes • Hairs glandular, with aromatic oils (I.e., smelly plants) • Stipules present, leaves with gland. Teeth • K5C5A(5)10,15, filaments often slightly connateG5conn • Fruit a schizocarp, persistent style column

  12. Persistent style Note the fruits in picture above and on the right

  13. Malpighiales • This order contains 7.8% of the diversity of angiosperm diversity • There does not seem a whole lot tying it together, see: http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/Research/APweb/welcome.html The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group’s home page

  14. Euphorbiaceae

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