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Understanding Concentration and Solubility: Factors and Examples

This section explores the concepts of concentration and solubility, defining them and highlighting the differences between unsaturated and saturated solutions. It examines how various factors affect solubility, such as pressure, the type of solvents, and temperature. Pressure increases the solubility of gases, while the solubility of solids generally increases with temperature. For instance, sugar dissolves better in hot tea than in cold tea. Additionally, the notion of "like dissolves like" is illustrated through examples involving water and oil-based paints.

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Understanding Concentration and Solubility: Factors and Examples

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  1. Section 7 -2 Concentration and Solubility

  2. Concentration • A comparison between the amount of solvent compared to the solute

  3. Solubility • A measure of how much solute can dissolve in a solvent • Sugar is more soluble in water than salt, thus you can dissolve more sugar in water than salt • Unsaturated solution • More solute can still dissolve in the solvent • Saturated solution • No more solute can dissolve in the solvent

  4. Factors Affecting Solubility • Pressure • Increasing pressure increases the solubility of gases • Example: The carbon dioxide (solute) in soda will stay dissolved in water (solvent) under pressure. • Type of solvents • “Like dissolves like” • Water will clean up, or dissolve, poster paint (polar), but it takes turpentine (non-polar) to clean up oil based paint.

  5. Temperature • Solids • The higher the temperature the more solute can dissolve in a solvent • Example: you can dissolve more sugar in hot tea than you can in cold tea. • Gases • The lower the temperature the more solute can dissolve in a solvent • Example: warm soda will lose it’s carbonation faster than cold soda.

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