Chapter 7 Section 2

1. Chapter 7 Section 2 The colonies grow

2. restrictions a limiting condition or measure, esp. a legal one. • overthrown • remove forcibly from power • allegiance • loyalty or commitment of a subordinate to a superior or of an individual to a group or cause. • entitled • give (someone) a legal right or a just claim to receive or do something. • immigrate • come to live permanently in a foreign country.

3. Constitution of 1824 • March 19, 1823 Mexican emperor Agustin de Iturbide overthrown • Federalists formed new government- shared power between states and national government • Centralists- their opponents- believed power should be concentrated on the central or FEDERAL govt. • 1824 Federalists wrote constitution • Divided nation into 19 states • Texas was now state of Coahuila y Tejas • Texas could one day become a separate state in Mexico had to get a bigger pop • Texas could select 1 out of 12 members to a legislature that met in Saltillo- Baron de Bastrop chosen

4. Mexico Passes colonization law • 1824- new colonization law passed • No one could get more than 48,708 acres • Cant est. colony within 30 miles of coast or 60 miles of an international boundary without permission • To get a land grant you have to live in Texas permanently

5. How colonization laws work • 30$ payment families can receive • 4428 acres • Single men 1107 acres, if they married 3321 would be granted • Bonus of 1107 for marrying a Mexican woman • Be Roman Catholic- Mexican authorities didn’t bother settlers in this matter- most practiced their own religion • Most came with empresario- didn’t know Spanish and it was hard to get land that was good, empresario held the best lands • Empresario would get 23000 acres for every 100 colonists- had to settle within 6 years

6. Most Successful Empresario • SFA most successful • By 1828 he had gotten 4 additional contracts bringing 500 more families • 1827 another contract settlement of 100 families east of the Colorado est. town of Bastrop to be headquarters for the Little Colony • Provided protection for travelers on the Old San Antonio Road • 1828 Austin settled 300 families on the coast • 1831 last land grant north of his original Old 300

7. Why the colonies succeeded Dealing with Mexicans was easy for him Lands were some of the most fertile so more families wanted to come Cotton producers needed more land- come on to Texas!! Rivers, trees, roads all influenced immigration.

8. Green DeWitt • 2nd most successful empresario • From Missouri • Brought 400 families to Texas 1825 • Gonzales

9. Martin de Leon, Empresario • Native of Mexico • Horseman and rancher • Brought Mexican setters to Texas • Settled 200 families on coast by Guadalupe river • Wife helped est. Victoria. They were rich because of her dowry - $$ she brought to the marriage

10. Various Nationalities settle in Texas • Generous lands brought many farmers from all over • Most immigrants left debts behind for a new life in Texas • Adventure called some to Texas • Many were WOMEN • Imperial Colonization Law- outlawed slave trading • 2000 slaves lived in Texas • Some African Americans made the journey to Texas and were free AA- 150 lived in Texas

11. Women play important roles • Mary Austin Holley a cousin of SFA wrote about life in Austin’s colony • Described what to bring and how to trade it • Women worked along side men • Held few rights- couldn’t vote, hold office or serve on a jury • Slave women suffered worse • Maria Calvillo operated her fathers ranch • Jane McManus became empresario and brought Germans to Texas • Tamar Morgan was a slave and purchased her freedom and became a landowner

12. Education • Mexican government didn’t have a system for public education • Private teachers were only for the wealthy • Some sent kids to the US • Most joined together to est. private schools • Pilgrim opened first school in San Felipe de Austin • Frances Trask opened school for girls