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African Civilizations & Kingdoms: Development and States

Explore the diverse geographical zones and early civilizations like Kush and Axum, as well as influential kingdoms such as Ghana and Mali in Africa. Learn about trade, religions, and societal structures in different regions of the continent.

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African Civilizations & Kingdoms: Development and States

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  1. Development of African Civilizations & Kingdoms and States of Africa Chapter 7 Section 1 & 2

  2. Land of Africa • Africa • 2nd Largest continent • Surrounded by major bodies of water: Atlantic, Indian & Mediterranean Sea • Geographical Zones • Sahara Desert (north) • Largest desert in the world • African Hump (west) • Grasslands • Great Rift Valley (east) • Mountainous, canyons • Congo Basin (south) • Tropical rainforest

  3. Congo Basin Grasslands

  4. Land of Africa • Climate zones • Mild • Warm temp & moderate rainfall • Deserts • Sahara & Kalihari • Rainforest • Heavy rains & 10% of continent • Savannas • Grasslands • Home of lions, elephants and giraffes • Early Civilizations • Kush • Axum

  5. Early Civilizations • Kush • Aka Nubia • Relations with Egypt • Trade and War • Arabia, Rome and Egypt • Economic System • ???? • Axum • Located in present day Ethiopia • Beside the Red Sea • Religion • Christianity & Islam

  6. Kingdoms and States of Africa Chapter 7 Section 2 Ghana

  7. Kingdoms in West Africa • Kingdom of Ghana (500 A.D.) • 1st trading state of W. Africa • Farming people & tribal communities • Kings of Ghana • Strong rulers & governed w/no laws • Economy & Trade • Traded for salt & horses • Berbers (Desert people) - carried the goods • Kingdom of Mali • Sundiata Kieta • Founder of Mali • Timbuktu – center of trade in W. Africa • Mansa Musa – brought Islam Camel caravans

  8. Societies in East Africa • Bantus • Tribal communities • Practiced Subsistence farming • Trade with Arabian Peninsula • Spread of Islam throughout Africa • Mixing of cultures: Swahili • Swahili • Mixing of African and Arabian cultures • Societies in South Africa • Stateless Societies • Group of independent villages organized by clans and led by a local ruler Subsistence Farming

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