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DENSITY BUOYANCY ARCHIMEDES’ PRINCIPLE

DENSITY BUOYANCY ARCHIMEDES’ PRINCIPLE. WHAT IS MATTER?. Matter is anything that has mass and volume . Matter is made of atoms and molecules. WHAT IS MASS?. Mass = the amount of matter (atoms) in an object We measure mass in grams, using a triple beam balance!. WHAT IS VOLUME?.

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DENSITY BUOYANCY ARCHIMEDES’ PRINCIPLE

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  1. DENSITY BUOYANCYARCHIMEDES’ PRINCIPLE

  2. WHAT IS MATTER? • Matter is anything that has mass and volume. • Matter is made of atoms and molecules.

  3. WHAT IS MASS? • Mass = the amount of matter (atoms) in an object We measure mass in grams, using a triple beam balance!

  4. WHAT IS VOLUME? • Volume is the amount of space an object takes up. • We can find the volume of an object using: • Length x Width x Height= Centimeters Cubed (solid objects) • A graduated cylinder for liquids. (liters or milliliters) • Finding how much water is displaced in a graduated cylinder for irregular shaped objects. (Initial volume of water subtracted from the final volume of water.)

  5. WHAT IS WEIGHT? • Weight is the amount of gravitational force pulling down on an object. • To find weight, we use the formula: • Mass (g) x Gravity (m/s²) = Weight (Newtons or N)

  6. HOW IS MASS DIFFERENT FROM WEIGHT? • Mass is the amount ofmatter in an object • Weight is a force (push or pull). Earth exerts a gravitational force on objects and this gravitational force is called the object’s weight. • The weight of an object changes, depending on where it is in the universe, & the amount of gravity acting on it. • The mass of an object does not change, no matter where it is in the universe.

  7. WHAT IS DENSITY? • Density is the amount of mass in a given volume • Density is a ratio or comparisonof mass and volume • Density is how tightly packed the atoms of an object are • DENSITY = MASS PER UNIT VOLUME

  8. Density =m v DENSITY FORMULA The units of density are: g/mL OR g/cm3

  9. Density Examples Bag of leaves Brass cylinder m 200 gm 200 g large volume small volume less dense more dense cork rubber smaller mass larger mass same volume same volume more dense less dense

  10. Density Examples Aluminum foil Flat Crushed same masssame mass larger volume smaller volume less dense more dense

  11. m d v Use this triangle to help solve density problems

  12. WHAT IS THE DENSITY OF WATER? • Density of water = 1.0 g/mL • Objects with a density above this will sink! • Objects with a density below will float!

  13. Objects with less density will float on fluids with greater density. Objects with more density will sink in fluids with less density.

  14. Buoyancy Buoyancy: the upward forceof a fluid that pushes an object up Force: a push or pull Fluid: a substance that flows, that has an indefinite shape (takes the shape of its container). Liquids & gases are fluids. Buoyancyis why objects completely or partly submerged in a liquid seem to weigh less than they do in air.

  15. Buoyancy / Density Relationship The denser the fluid is, the more buoyant force it has. Think about air and water… Both are fluids, but water has a much greater buoyant force than air, because it is more dense.

  16. Archimedes’ Principle "Any object, wholly or partly immersed in a fluid, is buoyed up by a force equal to the volume of the fluid displaced by the object.” OR The volume of an object in water is equal to the volume of the displaced water.

  17.  If the weight of the water displaced is less than the weight of the object, the object will sink. Otherwise the object will float, with the weight of the water displaced equal to or greater than the weight of the object. Archimedes' Principle explains why steel ships float

  18. Gravity vs. Buoyancy-- which one wins? Think of gravity & buoyancy as 2 opposing forces. Gravity pullsdown, buoyancy pushes up. If weight (gravity) is greater than the displaced water (buoyancy), the object will sink. GB , object sinks If the displaced water (buoyancy) is greater than the weight (gravity), the object will float. G B,object floats

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