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A Lesson on Rhetorical Devices: Ethos, Pathos, Logos

A Lesson on Rhetorical Devices: Ethos, Pathos, Logos. What is Rhetoric?. Rhetoric (n) - the art of speaking or writing effectively (Webster's Definition).

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A Lesson on Rhetorical Devices: Ethos, Pathos, Logos

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  1. A Lesson on Rhetorical Devices:Ethos, Pathos, Logos

  2. What is Rhetoric? • Rhetoric (n) - the art of speaking or writing effectively (Webster's Definition). • According to Aristotle, rhetoric is "the ability, in each particular case, to see the available means of persuasion." He described three main forms of rhetoric: Ethos, Logos, and Pathos. • In order to be a more effective writer, you must understand these three terms. You will better understand their meanings which will make your writing more persuasive.

  3. Ethos (Credibility) • Ethos: the source's credibility, the speaker's/author's authority • We tend to believe people whom we respect. One of the central problems of argumentation is to project an impression to the reader that you are someone worth listening to, in other words making yourself as author into an authority on the subject of the paper, as well as someone who is likable and worthy of respect.

  4. To establish ethical appeals, you… *must establish your background of knowledge (authority) *must establish a common ground *must establish your trustworthiness, honesty (credibility) *have a personal interest in your claim and admit it *show your respect *acknowledge limitations

  5. Ethos Example: • Product: George Foreman and his Grilling Machine • Repertoire: Boxing Champ and a Preacher • Why is George Foreman credible?

  6. Logos (Logical) • Logos: the logic used to support a claim (induction and deduction); can also be the facts and statistics used to help support the argument. • Persuading by the use of reasoning. • An effective and persuasive reason that supports your ideas.

  7. To establish logical appeals, you… *use hard evidence -facts -clues -statistics -testimonies, narratives -witnesses -surveys, polls

  8. To establish logical appeals, *use reason and common sense -cultural assumptions, values -inductive reasoning -deductive reasoning -analogies -precedent.

  9. Logos Example continued… Few of our children breath fresh air in their schools, which are being sprayed, inside and out, with millions of pounds of deadly, nervous system destroying pesticides. What are the details provided in this claim?

  10. Pathos (Emotional) • Pathos: persuading by appealing to the reader's emotions. Emotional appeals, are used to persuade. Language choice affects the audience's emotional response, and emotional appeal can effectively be used to enhance an argument. • How? Anecdotal writing or narratives within persuasive writing

  11. To establish emotional appeals, use *concrete diction to connect with specifics *description to create vivid images *anecdotes to share experiences *emphasis to connect with audience *humor to create ease with sensitive topics *humor to admit mistakes *humor (satire) to call for change

  12. Pathos Example: • How does this advertisement appeal to emotion? Why?

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