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The Evolution of Democracy in Ancient Athens: A Comparative Study with Sparta

Discover how democracy evolved in Ancient Athens and its implications for modern governance. This poster project encourages exploration of Greek mythology, civic participation, and the contrasting governmental systems of Athens and Sparta. Dive deep into the roles of key gods, the significance of the polis, and the impact of social and political reforms that shaped Athenian democracy. Through engaging discussion questions and a concise synopsis, students will connect ancient practices to contemporary issues, enhancing their understanding of democracy's roots.

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The Evolution of Democracy in Ancient Athens: A Comparative Study with Sparta

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Bellringer • You have 25 minutes to complete your Mythology Poster and Synopsis • Objective: SWBAT describe the evolution of democracy in Athens and anticipate effects of this evolution in today’s world • BJOTD: Why do bees have sticky hair?

  2. Mythology Discussion Questions • Turn your paper into the black bin by Sean • Be able to answer these questions: • What is Greek mythology? • Who were some of the major gods and what were they the gods/goddesses of? • What purpose does Greek mythology serve?

  3. Ancient Greece The Rise of the City-State, Athens vs. Sparta

  4. Early City-states • Polis: same as city-state (city and surrounding countryside) • Polis had 2 purposes: • Promoting civic participation • Promoting commercial/business life

  5. Agora • City-center/business district • Place for discussion

  6. Acropolis • Fortified area of city • Used for defense • Place for royalty, women, children to hide during war

  7. Athens vs. Sparta

  8. Athens - Geography • Attica (Just north of Peloponnesus)

  9. Athens - Economy • Extensive • Exported wine and olive oil

  10. Athens - Education • Boys from wealthy families attended school • Reading, writing, music, and poetry • Goal  excellent public speakers (voice their views about democracy) • Military training

  11. Athens - Government

  12. Political and Social Change – Aristocracy to Tyranny • Farmers borrowed money from aristocrats (pledged land as security) • Many farmers could not repay loans – lost land and became sharecroppers or day laborers in the cities (some sold themselves into slavery) • Foreign artisans, who supported Athens's economy, were denied citizenship by the government.

  13. Political and Social Change – Aristocracy to Tyranny • Merchants and soldiers resented the power of the nobles • Common people had no voice in the government (aristocracy controlled it all)

  14. Tyranny - Reformers • Draco – Written code of laws (took away power from aristocrats to dictate what was legal and what was not)

  15. Tyranny - Reformers

  16. Democracy • Direct Democracy  speak on your own behalf • Citizenship 1. Male 2. Free 3. Athenian 4. Adult • Duties of citizenship  participate in government (speak up), military service, taxes

  17. Sparta - Geography • Peloponnesus (Southern part of Greece)

  18. Sparta - Economy • Limited • Spartans looked down on trade and wealth • Spartans were not allowed to travel – might pick up new ideas that could be dangerous to the stability of the state • Foreigners were discouraged from visiting Sparta

  19. Sparta - Education • Focused on military training and obedience to authority • Boys were taken from their mothers at the age of 7 and put under the control of the state • They lived in quasi-military barracks where they were subject to harsh discipline • At 20, Spartan males were enrolled in the army for regular military service

  20. Sparta - Education • At 30, Spartan males were recognized as mature and allowed to vote in the assembly and live at home • While their husbands lived in the barracks, Spartan women lived at home  had greater freedom of movement and greater power in the household than other women in Greece • Women  encouraged to exercise and remain fit to bear and raise healthy children

  21. Sparta - Education • Discouraged the study of philosophy, literature, or the arts – subjects that might encourage new thoughts

  22. Sparta – Government • Oligarchy • 2 Kings responsible for military affairs and served as the supreme priests within the state religion • The kings shared power with the Gerousia, a council of elders • Gerousia consisted of 28 citizens over the age of 60, who were elected for life, and the two kings

  23. Sparta – Government • Gerousia  prepare proposals that would be presented to the apella, an assembly of male citizens (only voted on proposals – no debate) • Assembly elected the Gerousia and the Ephors, a group of 5 men who were responsible for supervising the education of youth and the conduct of all citizens

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