1. Bellringer • Get out your Pollution articles and map • Add symbols for Chernobyl and the Black Triangle to your map. • Answer these on paper & highlight in text: • How did the explosion in Chernobyl happen (cause)? • What were the effects on Belarus & Sweden? • What were some immediate effects of the explosion? Long term effects? (good and bad) • Where is the Black Triangle and why is it called that? • What are the effects of high chimney use in cities? • List three ways Europe is trying to reduce acid rain production.

2. Bellringer • Get out your Bosnia Genocide article and your map. • Add Kosovo and Montenegro to your map (line to separate)

3. Simplified Yugoslavia • WWII: Nazis invaded Yugoslavia Tito led uprising became Communist leader post-war • Many ethnic groups/provinces now tied together • Tito dies in 1980 with no strong successor • Serbian Milosevic takes hold strong nationalist stirred tensions b/w Serbs (Orthodox Christians) and Muslims (in Bosnia & Albania/Kosovo) • Christians in Kos. told of mistreatment by Muslim Albanians in Kos Serbia took complete control

4. Simplified Yugoslavia • 1991: Slovenia & Croatia declare indepen. from Yug. • Yug. Army (mostly Serbs) attacked Slovenia, but fail • Focus on Croatia b/c more Serbs live there • During WWII Serbs in Croatia had been massacred • Milosevic wants to ‘protect’ Serb minority in Croatia • Mass executions, bombings, destruction of Croat/Muslim bldgs by Serbs world did not interfere (arms embargo had little effect) • Cease-fire end of 1991(US)

5. Simplified Yugoslavia • 1992: EU* & U.S. recognize Bosnia indep. • Serbs are minority in the Muslim country • Milosevic attacked Sarajevo • Bosnian Muslim Genocide • Mass executions, forced displacement, concentration camps, rape as a weapon “ethnic cleansing” • Destruction of Muslim religious and historical bldgs • UN put econ. sanctions on Serbia, sent food & medicine (no military axn) • Feb. 1994: bombing of marketplace global broadcast

6. Simplified Yugoslavia • 1993: Clinton gives ultimatum cease-fire in Sarajevo • US unites Croatian Catholics & Bosnian Muslims Serbs attack again (including UN troops) • NATO launches air attacks • Srebrenica 8,000 murdered, mass rapes • Aug. 1995: US led NATO bombings til Oct. & Bosnian Muslims receive weapons from Islamic world • Nov. 1995:Peace talks held in Ohio • Milosevic tried for war crimes

7. Simplified Kosovo • Late 1800s: Albanians (Muslims) now majority in Kosovo • Serbia wins territory in First Balkan War (1912)Kosovo an autonomous province • Albanian ethnic nationalism in 80s riots for Kosovo’s indep. from Serbia • Kosovo Serbs claim Kosovo Albanians mistreated them Milosevic takes away autonomy & represses Albanians in early 90s • Albanians form Kos. Liberation Army insurgents

8. Simplified Kosovo • 1998: Serbs conduct counterinsurgency • Massacres, expelled Albanians • NATO responded w/ bombing in March 1999 Serbia w/draws • 1999: Kosovo put under transitional admin by UN….UNMIK • Negotiations began in 2005-2007 • February 2008: Kosovo declared independent • Serbia still rejects their independence