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This text explores the processes of radioactive decay, including alpha, beta, and gamma decay, and their implications for nuclear waste generated in power plants. It elaborates on nuclear fission reactions, where the nucleus splits to form new atoms and release energy, and highlights the generation of radioactive waste as a byproduct. Detailed explanatory examples guide through essential nuclear reactions, their products, and the reasons behind their radioactivity. This understanding is crucial for managing the environmental impacts of nuclear energy.
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Radioactive Waste: the unstable atoms left over from nuclear reactions in power plants.
Alpha Decay • α-decayis a type of radioactive decay in which an atomic nucleus emits an alpha particle and thereby transforms (or 'decays') into an atom with a mass number 4 less and atomic number 2 less.
Beta Decay • β decay is a type of radioactive decay in which a beta particle (an electron or a positron) is emitted from an atomic nucleus. The β decay process allows the atom to obtain the optimal ratio of protons and neutrons.
Gamma Decay • an excited nucleus emits a gamma ray almost immediately upon formation(a nuclear isomeric transition, however, can also produce inhibited gamma decay with a measurable and much longer half-life).
-When the nucleus splits apart into smaller atoms. • Used in nuclear power plants to make electricity. • Releases two new atoms and releases three neutrons (to keep the chain reaction going) • Creates radioactive waste. Nuclear Fission Reaction Reactant (before) Product (after)
+ + + 0 0 0 0 0 0 + + + 0 0 + 0 + + + ENERGY 0 0 0 + 0 0 + + + 0 0 + + + + 0 0 0 0 0 + +
Fission Reactions Practice + 11 24 0 + 22 48 ENERGY 0 + 11 24 0 Is this an example of nuclear fission of fusion? Write the equation for nuclear reaction above. _________________ __________________ 3) Explain why is the product is radioactive.
+ 11 24 0 + 22 48 ENERGY 0 + 11 24 0 What element is undergoing fission? 2.)Write the equation for nuclear reaction above. _________________ __________________ 3) Explain why is the product is radioactive.
+ 46 120 0 + 92 240 ENERGY 0 + 46 120 0 What element is undergoing fission? 2.)Write the equation for nuclear reaction above. _________________ __________________ 3) Explain why is the product is radioactive.
+ 42 105 0 + 84 210 ENERGY 0 + 42 105 0 What element is undergoing fission? 2.)Write the equation for nuclear reaction above. _________________ __________________ 3) Explain why is the product is radioactive.
+ 19 44 0 + 38 88 ENERGY 0 + 19 44 0 What element is undergoing fission? 2.)Write the equation for nuclear reaction above. _________________ __________________ 3) Explain why is the product is radioactive.
Exit Slip Write the nuclear reaction for a Californium (Cf) atom that splits perfectly in half in a fission reaction. ________________ Why is this product radioactive?
