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Practice for logical operators

This resource, presented by Tefko Saracevic from Rutgers University, focuses on mastering logical operators and Boolean search statements through the use of Venn diagrams. It offers detailed explanations of exact matches, the rules of Boolean algebra, and the order of operations. Participants will engage with exercises that require shading appropriate sets based on complex search statements, reinforcing their understanding of Boolean logic. A solution guide is provided, but caution is advised as one answer is intentionally incorrect to challenge learners.

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Practice for logical operators

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  1. Practice for logical operators Boolean search statements and Venn diagrams Tefko Saracevic, Rutgers University

  2. Exact match - Boolean search • You retrieve exactly what you ask for in the query: • all documents that have the term(s) with logical connection(s), and possible other restrictions (e.g. to be in titles) as stated in the query • exactly: nothing less, nothing more • Based on matching following rules of Boolean algebra, or algebra of sets • ‘new algebra’ • presented by circles in Venn diagrams Tefko Saracevic, Rutgers University

  3. A A A A B B B B 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 A alone. All documents that have A. Shade 1 & 2. E.G. apples A AND B. Shade 2 apples AND oranges A OR B. Shade 1, 2, 3 apples OR oranges A NOT B. Shade 1 apples NOT oranges Boolean algebra & Venn diagrams Four basic operations: Tefko Saracevic, Rutgers University

  4. A B 2 3 1 5 4 6 7 C Venn diagrams … cont. Complex statements allowed e.g (A OR B) AND C Shade 4,5,6 (apples or oranges) AND Florida (A OR B) NOT C Shade what? (apples or oranges NOT Florida Tefko Saracevic, Rutgers University

  5. Directions for exercise • Slide 7 provides a Venn diagram with numbered sets and a number of search statements • for each statement shade the appropriate set or sets • e.g. for (A OR B) AND C the sets are 4, 5, 6 • Slide 8 is for practice • Slide 9 has the answers • BUT NOTE: one of the answers is WRONG! Which one? Tefko Saracevic, Rutgers University

  6. Order of operations • Rules for the order in which operations are done effect the answer - so follow them • Dialog order of operation is: 1. First are done all operations that are in parentheses, then: 2. (W), (N), (S), (L), or (F) 3. NOT 4. AND 5. OR • e.g. for A OR B AND C, first is done B AND C, and then A OR the results of B AND C, thus this is the same as A OR (B AND C) Tefko Saracevic, Rutgers University

  7. 1 A 2 3 B 5 4 6 7 C Venn diagrams 1. A AND B 2. A OR B 3. A OR B AND C 4. (A OR B) AND C 5. A AND B NOT C 6. A AND (B NOT C) 7. (A AND B) NOT C 8. (A NOT B) AND C 9. A NOT (B AND C) 10. A NOT B AND C 11. A AND (B OR C) 12. A AND B OR C 13. A OR (B AND C) 14. A OR B OR C 15 A AND B AND C Tefko Saracevic, Rutgers University

  8. A B 2 3 1 5 4 6 7 C Use for exercise & shading Tefko Saracevic, Rutgers University

  9. 1 A 2 3 B 5 4 6 7 C Venn diagrams: solutions p.s. one of them is wrong! 1. A AND B 2,5 2. A OR B 1,2,3,4,5,6 3. A OR B AND C 1,2,4,5,6 4. (A OR B) AND C 4,5,6 5. A AND B NOT C 2 6. A AND (B NOT C) 2 7. (A AND B) NOT C 2 8. (A NOT B) AND C 4 9. A NOT (B AND C) 6 10. A NOT B AND C 4 11. A AND (B OR C) 2,4,5 12. A AND B OR C 2,4,5,6,7 13. A OR (B AND C) 1,2,4,5,6 14. A OR B OR C 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 15 A AND B AND C 5 Tefko Saracevic, Rutgers University

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