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GEOLOGIC STRUCTURES

This comprehensive exploration of structural geology delves into the architecture of bedrock, focusing on shapes, arrangements, and the forces that create them. It examines rock behavior under stress and strain, defining elastic, plastic, and brittle characteristics. Key topics include interpreting geologic maps, field methods, and structural features like folds and faults. Learn about anticlines, synclines, and different fault types through visual aids and geological cross-sections, revealing how these structures are records of Earth’s geological past.

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GEOLOGIC STRUCTURES

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  1. GEOLOGIC STRUCTURES “Architecture of bedrock” Structural Geology- shapes, arrangement, interrelationships of bedrock units & forces that cause them

  2. Behavior of rocks to stress & strain • Elastic • Elastic limit • Plastic • Brittle Stress Strain

  3. Structures as a Record of the Geologic Past • Geologic maps and field methods • Observations of outcrops • Geologic map • Strike and dip • Original horizontality • Strike • Angle of dip • Direction of dip • Symbols • Geologic cross section

  4. Structures as a Record of the Geologic Past • Geologic maps and field methods • Observations of outcrops • Geologic map • Strike and dip • Original horizontality • Strike • Angle of dip • Direction of dip • Symbols • Geologic cross section

  5. Structures as a Record of the Geologic Past • Geologic maps and field methods • Observations of outcrops • Geologic map • Strike and dip • Original horizontality • Strike • Angle of dip • Direction of dip • Symbols • Geologic cross section

  6. FOLDS • Anticline vs. syncline • Hinge line (axis) • Limb • Axial plane • Plunging fold • Structural dome • Structural basin

  7. FOLDS • Anticline vs. syncline • Hinge line (axis) • Limb • Axial plane • Plunging fold • Structural dome • Structural basin

  8. FOLDS • Anticline vs. syncline • Hinge line (axis) • Limb • Axial plane • Plunging fold • Structural dome • Structural basin

  9. FOLDS • Interpreting folds • Open fold • Isoclinal fold • Overturned fold • Recumbent fold

  10. Fractures in rock • Joints • Columnar jointing • Sheet jointing • Joint set • Faults • Dip-slip faults- normal and reverse • Footwall vs. hanging wall • Normal fault • Graben; Rift • Horst ; fault-block mountain range

  11. Fractures in rock • Joints • Columnar jointing • Sheet jointing • Joint set • Faults • Dip-slip faults- normal and reverse • Footwall vs. hanging wall • Normal fault • Graben; Rift • Horst ; fault-block mountain range

  12. Fractures in rock • Faults • Reverse fault • Thrust fault- low angle reverse fault • Strike-Slip fault • Left-lateral vs. right-lateral

  13. Fractures in rock • Faults • Reverse fault • Thrust fault- low angle reverse fault • Strike-Slip fault • Left-lateral vs. right-lateral

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