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Understanding the 7 Layers of Computing: Hardware, Software, and Firmware

This article explores the seven layers of computing, detailing how they interconnect and the distinctions between hardware, operating system software, user-space software, and firmware. It defines each layer's role and provides insights into performance versus flexibility considerations. By examining where the dividing line lies between hardware and software, as well as how user-space code interacts with the system, readers will gain a clearer understanding of the computing model and its implementations in modern technology.

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Understanding the 7 Layers of Computing: Hardware, Software, and Firmware

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Where Do the 7 layers “fit”? 7 6 Or, where is the dividing line between hdw & s/w? ? 5 4 3 ? 2 1

  2. Implementing the Model User Space Software OS Space Software Firmware Hardware

  3. Some More Definitions • User Space Software - Code that executes as any program that a normal user could compile and run • OS Space Software - Code that executes on the host CPU but in a mode or with special access that normal users can not use • ‘Firmware’ - Code that executes on a processor (special or general purpose) that is different from the host CPU; may be in PROM or RAM downloaded from another source • Hardware - Generally special purpose VLSI and analog/linear interface components

  4. Assigning the 7 layers • Performance • vs • Flexibility

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