Outline

1. Services to support the update of the EMEP EEA Emission Inventory Guidebook, in particular on methodologies for black carbon emissionsTFEIP meeting, May 14-15 2012Bern, SwitzerlandOle-Kenneth Nielsen Department of Environmental ScienceAarhus University

2. Outline • Introduction • Objectives of the study • Approach and methodology - tasks • Time schedule • Communication • Acknowledgements

3. Introduction (1) • The EU is presently reviewing its air pollution policy • That review will include reviews of the 2005 Thematic Strategy on Air Pollution, the Air Quality Directive 2008/50/EC and the National Emission Ceilings Directive 2001/81/EC (NECD), which are to be completed by 2013 • The setting of new environmental objectives and emission reduction targets in a revised strategy and associated instruments require robust emission inventories

4. Introduction (2) • The joint EMEP/EEA Emission Inventory Guidebook (the “GB”) is the central reference manual used to support countries in estimating emissions under the NECD and the UNECE Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution (LRTAP) Convention • The NECD provides direct reference to the EMEP/EEA GB in its annex III and it hence relies on the GB to provide methodologies for accurate and complete emission inventories in compliance checking

5. Introduction (3) • The GB requires periodic updates, to ensure that the most up to date knowledge and understanding of emissions is available • This process is lead and managed by the TFEIP • The leaders of the TFEIP expert panels have the overall responsibility for maintaining and developing the chapters within their respective remits • The project will have to be completed in close cooperation with the Task Force on Emission Inventories and projections (TFEIP), EEA and DG Environment

6. Objective of the study • To update specific chapters of the EMEP EEA Guidebook • For the specific tasks defined, this will be done by: • A literature review to establish options for the updating of specific chapters • Presentation and discussion at the TFEIP/EIONET meeting (May 14-16 2012) • Preparation of draft chapters based on the discussion papers and comments received for subsequent review by the TFEIP • Finalisation of the draft chapters following receipt of comments • Inclusion of changed/new emission factors in the Guidebook’s emission factor database (EFDB)

7. Tasks to achieve the objectives • Task 1: Review and addition of black carbon methodologies, EFs and reference material • Task 2: Review of consistency between EFs for: PM (all size fractions), HMs, POPs and BC • Task 3: Updates to domestic and other solvent use • Task 4: Updates to small combustion sources • Task 5: Updates to PM fugitive emissions • Task 6: Review and addition of NMVOC emissions from manure management systems • Task 7: Review and addition of ammonia emissions from fertilisers

8. Task 1: Review and addition of black carbon methodologies • Goal: • To incorporate emission factors of black carbon (BC) in the GB for all relevant sources • Aspects: • Undertaking of a literature study • Evaluation as to what extent the BC emission factors if derived from measurements outside Europe are applicable for European conditions • Evaluation of the consistency of the emissions factors derived using different measurement techniques • Resources: 50 days

9. Task 2: Review of consistency between EFs for: PM (all size fractions), HMs, POPs and BC • Goal: • To identify inconsistencies of EFs and to propose changes to improve the consistency within the GB • Aspects: • Different references for EFs for different pollutants for the same fuel and source category sometimes create inconsistencies • Undertaking a review across all sectors to identify inconsistencies • Elaboration of proposals to improve the consistency within the GB • Resources: 50 days

10. Task 3: Updates to domestic and other solvent use • Goal: • Elaboration of improved data and methodology for domestic and other solvent use (3D2 & 3D3) • Aspects: • Compilation of updated and more accurate emission factors and activity data for domestic solvent use compared to the existing GB methodology, based on selected national and other relevant inventories • Assessment of additional information that is required for optimum performance of inventories • Resources: 25 days

11. Task 4: Updates to small combustion sources (1) • Goal: • Proposal for updating emission factors and for including different technologies, as applicable • Improved description of methodology on allocation of fuel consumption to different technologies • Aspects: • Evaluation of new wood combustion technologies • Evaluation of whether the technology descriptions in the GB matches the current level of detail in the provided emission factors • Evaluation of whether it is necessary with default emission factors for more technologies

12. Task 4: Updates to small combustion sources (2) • Aspects: • A literature study including the available information both in scientific journals but also knowledge published in scientific reports. • The impact of measurement methods (e.g. dilution tunnel vs. in-stack) on the resulting emission factors • Evaluation of approaches to reduce the uncertainty of the activity data, e.g. by using alternative methods such as surveys and/or models based on heat demand. • Resources: 25 days

13. Task 5: Updates to PM fugitive emissions • Goal: • To develop methodologies and Tier 1 and Tier 2 EFs to the extent that data are available • Aspects: • A number of NFR sectors handle PM fugitive emissions. The sectors will be described in detail in order to facilitate and improve the data collection • A literature study will be carried out including the available information both in scientific journals and in scientific reports • Resources: 25 days

14. Task 6: Review and addition of NMVOC emissions from manure management • Goal: • To develop tier 1 and 2 EFs • Aspects: • Analysis of the impact of manure management system on the NMVOC emission • Development of Tier 1 and 2 EFs taking into account new literature data especially from the US where a large emission study has been undertaken on 25 sites with different animal types from 2007 to 2009 • Resources: 30 days

15. Task 7: Review and addition of ammonia emissions from fertilisers • Goal: • Update the existing methodology and update the default emission factors to take account of recent measurements • Aspects: • A literature study will be carried out including the available information both in scientific journals and in scientific reports • Development of a weighed conservative ammonia emission factor based on the consumption different fertiliser types in different climatic zones and soil types in Europe. • Updating of the current tier 2 methodology with the current list of sold nitrogen fertiliser types in Europe • Resources: 25 days

16. Time schedule

17. Contacts • 6 members of the project team in Bern • Available for discussion at EP sessions and during breaks • More information on the different tasks in the EP sessions • Please send any comments/suggestions to Guidebook@eea.europa.eu  no later than June 3 2012

18. Acknowledgements (so far) • Riccardo De Lauritis, Kristina Juhrich, Jeroen Kuenen, Zig Klimont, Kees Peek, Kristina Saarinen, Kristin Aasestad, Nick Hutchings, Martin Adams, Chris Dore, Hugo Denier van der Gon, Christian Böttcher, Marte Kittilsen, Leonidas Ntziachristos, Andreas Petzold, Robert Whiting, Anders Feilberg, Jacob Nøjgaard, Anne Misra, Sabine Schenker, Sergey Lukin, Paul Newell Price, Lüder Cordes, Erhard Albrecht, Bernard Hyde, Henning Høie, Nicola Colonna, Marco Rosso,

19. Thank you for your attention