Programming Languages and Program Development

Programming Languages andProgram Development Chapt. 10

What’s a Program? A set of instructions -- that lead to the accomplishment of an objective.

Compilers and Interpreters Interpreter Converts small program units (lines of code) into object code then executes them individually Compiler Converts entire program into object code prior to Execution.

Language Categories • Low-Level • Machine • Assembly Problems?

Procedural Languages (3GL)English-like Instructions FORTRAN COBOL C BASIC

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Languages • C++ #include "stdafx.h" #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main( ) { cout << "Hello World“<<endl; return 0; } • Java public class TextDemo { public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println("Hello, Welcome to Java programming") } } OR import javax.swing.JOptionPane; //for the GUI definitionspublic class WelcomeMessageDialogBox{ public static void main(String[] args) {JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "Hello, Welcome to Java programming","GUI Programming Sample",JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE); }}

Integrated Development EnvironmentsRapid Application Development (RAD) Visual Studio Microsoft Delphi Borland PowerBuilder Sybase

Specialty Languages • RPG– Report Generator • Logo – Graphics and audio • Macros – Recorder or VBA

Web Development • Applets and Script • HTML (DHTML, XMX, etc.) • Java script, Perl, PHP, etc. • Servlet -

Program Development Cycle • Analysis – “can we get there from here?” (feasibility study) • Design – “how do we get there from here?” • Structured design vs. object design • IPO • Hierarchy charts • Flowcharts and pseudocode

Program Design Tools • Hierarchy Charts – module development and process organization • Control structure – control the task sequence • Sequential – • Selection – • if – else – binary selection • case – multiple option selection

Program Design Tools (cont’d) • Repetition Control • do – while – the condition is before the action • do – until - the condition is after the action • Flow chart – symbols represent actions • Rectangle – a general process • Parallelogram – input and output • Diamond - decision • Arrows – data or process flow • Oval – terminal – the end (beginning) of a program sequence Sample flowchart

Development Cycle (contd.) • Validate – “are you sure that is the best way to go?” • Desk Check • Implement – “take the trip.” • Create the code

Development Cycle (contd.) • Test and Validate – “are we there yet?” • Check results against known values • Parallel processing • Document – “take the pictures and write the post cards!!” • Internal documentation • External documentation

Summary • Program • Compiler vs. Interpreter • Programming Languages • Low-level • Procedural • OOP • Web development • Special use

Summary (part dux) • Program Development Cycle • Analysis • Design • Validate • Implement • Test and Validate • Document

Programming Languages and Program Development