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INSECT EVOLUTION: HEXAPODS AND ANGIOSPERMS

INSECT EVOLUTION: HEXAPODS AND ANGIOSPERMS. Most modern families radiated (50%+). Most modern orders. First winged insects. First hexapods. PANGAEA. Cretaceous-Tertiary Extinction. Gnetales - Ancestors of Angiosperms?. Angiosperms. Gnetales. Fossil Pollen. Animal Pollination.

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INSECT EVOLUTION: HEXAPODS AND ANGIOSPERMS

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  1. INSECT EVOLUTION: HEXAPODS AND ANGIOSPERMS

  2. Most modern families radiated (50%+) Most modern orders First winged insects First hexapods

  3. PANGAEA

  4. Cretaceous-Tertiary Extinction

  5. Gnetales - Ancestors of Angiosperms? Angiosperms Gnetales

  6. Fossil Pollen

  7. Animal Pollination Advantages 1. Precision of transfer 2. Gene flow 3. Reproduction in sparse populations 4. Speciation

  8. Orchid Pollination

  9. Fossil Evidence for Insect Pollination 1. Pollen in guts of fossilized insects 2. Structure of flowers 3. Specialized insect structures

  10. Fossil Evidence for Insect Pollination 1. Pollen in guts of fossilized insects 2. Structure of flowers 3. Specialized insect structures

  11. Fossil Evidence for Insect Pollination 1. Pollen in guts of fossilized insects 2. Structure of flowers 3. Specialized insect structures 4. Ability to hover

  12. Orchids and Hawkmoths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae)

  13. Orchids and Hawkmoths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) Anther cap

  14. Orchids and Hawkmoths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) nectary

  15. Red Queen Hypothesis "Well, in our country," said Alice, still panting a little, "you'd generally get to somewhere else — if you run very fast for a long time, as we've been doing." "A slow sort of country!" said the Queen. "Now, here, you see, it takes all the running you can do, to keep in the same place. If you want to get somewhere else, you must run at least twice as fast as that!" For an evolutionary system, continuing change is needed just so that one species can maintain its fitness relative to the species with which it is co-evolving.

  16. Orchids and Hawkmoths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) Moth lengthens proboscis to reach nectar Orchid lengthens nectary to draw moth closer to pollen

  17. Figs and Fig Wasps Pleistodontes froggatti

  18. Figs and Fig Wasps Ficus macrophylla

  19. Figs and Fig Wasps

  20. Figs and Fig Wasps

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