Kingdom Protista

1. Kingdom Protista

2. Protist Diversity If you look at a drop of pond water under a microscope, all the "little creatures" you see swimming around areprotists. 200,000 species come in different shapes, sizes, and colors They are a Junk Drawer of organisms because they are so different from each other and they do not fit into any other biological kingdom

3. Even though they are different: How are they all similar? • All protists have a nucleus and are thereforeeukaryotic. • All protists live in moist environments • Protists are either plant-like, animal-like or fungus-like.

4. How do they Eat??? • Plant-like protists are autotrophs – they contain chloroplasts and make their own food. • Animal-like and fungus-like protists and areheterotrophs.

5. Protist Reproduction • Protists can reproduce asexually creating genetically identical offspring • Protists can also reproduce sexually creating genetically different offspring

6. Protists Plant-like (Algae) Fungus-like Animal-like (Protozoans)

7. Protozoans Animal-like Protists

8. Protozoans Unicellular – made up of one cell Heterotrophs – they eat other organisms or dead organic matter Classified by how they move The wordprotozoameans "little animal." They are so named because many species behave like tiny animals—specifically, they hunt and gather other microbes as food.

9. Phyla of Protozoans Amoebas Flagellates Ciliates Sporazoans

10. Amoebas: the blobs No cell wall Move using pseudopods – plasma extensions Engulf bits of food by flowing around and over them

13. Amoebas in Action They move when they engulf food and when there are changes in their environment like bright light or dry conditions.

14. Flagellates: the motorboats Use a whip-like extension called a flagella to move Some cause diseases

15. Trichomonas foetus : cow disease

16. Giardia

17. Ciliates: the hairy ones Move beating tiny hairs called cilia

22. Sporazoans: the parasite Non-motile - Do not move Parasites: Live inside a host One type causes malaria

24. Malaria in red blood cells

25. Vacuoles • All protozoa digest their food in stomach-like compartments called vacuoles <vac-you-ohls>. As they chow down, they make and give off nitrogen, which is an element that plants and other higher creatures can use. • Contractile vacuoles excrete excess water from the protazoa.

27. Algae Plantlike Protists

28. What are Algae? Multicellular – made of more than one cell Photosynthetic – make their own food No roots, stems, or leaves Each has chlorophylland other photosynthetic pigments

29. Phyla of Algae Euglenoids Diatoms Dinoflagellates Red, Brown, & Green Algae

30. Plant-like protists arealgae. • Algae are eukaryotic autotrophs. • They, along with other eukaryotic autotrophs, form the foundation of Earth’s food chains. • They produce much of Earth’s oxygen.

31. Euglenoids: The Survivors Aquatic Move around like animals Can ingest food from surroundings when light is not available

34. Diatoms: The Golden Ones Have shells made of silica (glass) Photosynthetic pigment called carotenoids – give them a golden color

37. DIATOMS

38. Dinoflagellates: The Spinning Ones Spin around using two flagella Responsible for Red Tides Create toxins that can kill animals and sometimes people

39. There are three unicellular phyla of algae: • Phylum Euglenophyta • Phylum Bacillariophyta • Phylum Dinoflagellata

40. Members of first phylum of algae, Euglenophyta, are both plant-like and animal-like. • Euglena are autotrophs since they make food from sunlight and • Heterotrophs since they ingest food from surrounding water.

42. The second unicellular algae, Bacillariophyta, are photosynthetic autotrophs. • They have shells of silica. • They make up a large portion of the world’s phytoplankton which is Earth’s largest provider of oxygen.

47. Multicellular algae are classified by color.

49. Red Algae: The…uh…Red Ones (duh) Seaweeds Multicellular, marine organisms Have red and blue pigments