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Heat Transfer Calculations and Analysis of Various Sample Heating/Cooling Curves

In this group challenge, we will explore heat transfer by analyzing representative heating and cooling curves of different substances, including sulfur, water, tin, potassium, silver, and more. Each group member will have specific roles, including drawing the curves and calculating heat gained or lost at each segment. By applying relevant equations, we will calculate the heat required for temperature changes and prepare for a class presentation to share our findings. This exercise will solidify our understanding of thermodynamics and phase changes.

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Heat Transfer Calculations and Analysis of Various Sample Heating/Cooling Curves

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  1. Challenge • Read the problem with your group, and draw a representative heating/cooling curve. • Calculate the heat gained/lost at each segment of the curve discussed in the problem. • Calculate the final answer to the problem. • Divide duties & prepare for the presentation: • One person will draw the curve on the board for the class to copy. • Two group members will name the equations used and record the heat answers on each segment of the graph. • A final group member will show the final calculation and record the final answer on the board.

  2. Curve 1 • Calculate the heat (in J) required to raise the temperature of a 4.5-gram sample of sulfur from 103°C to 503°C. • Boiling point = 444.75°C • Freezing point = 113°C • ∆H fusion = 1.23 kJ/mol • ∆H vap = 9.62 kJ/mol • c= 0.710 J/g°C

  3. Curve 2 • Calculate the heat (in kJ) lost from a 32.5-gram sample of water as the temperature cools from 74°C to -7°C. • ∆H fusion = 6.02 kJ/mol • ∆H vap = 40.6 kJ/mol • C solid = 2.03 J/g°C • C liquid = 4.184 J/g°C • C vapor = 1.7 J/g°C

  4. Curve 3 • A 6.5-gram sample of tin is heated from 200°C to 2400°C. How much heat (in kJ) is needed? • Boiling point = 2270°C • Freezing point = 232.06°C • ∆H fusion = 7.2 kJ/mol • ∆H vap = 290.5 kJ/mol • c= 0.227 J/g°C

  5. Curve 4 • A 14.6-gram sample of potassium is cooled from 700°C to 45°C. How much heat (in J) is released? • Boiling point = 774°C • Freezing point = 63.8°C • ∆H fusion = 2.4 kJ/mol • ∆H vap = 77.2 kJ/mol • c= 0.750 J/g°C

  6. Curve 5 • A 5.0 sample of silver is cooled from 1200°C to 72°C to make a ring. How much heat (in J) is released? • Boiling point = 2212°C • Freezing point = 962.1°C • ∆H fusion = 11.8 kJ/mol • ∆H vap = 256.1 kJ/mol • c= 0.235 J/g°C

  7. Curve 6 • A sample of 4.9 grams of water is cooled from 114°C to -8°C. How much heat (in J) is released? • ∆H fusion = 6.02 kJ/mol • ∆H vap = 40.6 kJ/mol • C solid = 2.03 J/g°C • C liquid = 4.184 J/g°C • C vapor = 1.7 J/g°C

  8. Curve 7 • A sample of 7.5 grams of water is heated from room temperature 25°C to 108°C. How much heat (in J) is gained? • ∆H fusion = 6.02 kJ/mol • ∆H vap = 40.6 kJ/mol • C solid = 2.03 J/g°C • C liquid = 4.184 J/g°C • C vapor = 1.7 J/g°C

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