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Docking Structures & Wave Energy

This study explores the interaction between incident waves and various types of coastal docking structures. By simulating wave impacts on different obstacles, we analyze how wave energy varies before and after structural contact. Key concepts such as wave diffraction, reflection, and energy density are examined, all within the context of design considerations for piers and dock legs. The findings aim to encourage innovative designs in the dock industry that minimize coastal environmental impacts, fostering education among coastal landowners regarding the importance of reducing disruption in coastal areas.

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Docking Structures & Wave Energy

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  1. Docking Structures & Wave Energy Nick Ripp William Marcouiller

  2. Introduction • Flow past obstacles • Relate to dock and bridge piers • High and low energy waves • Sediment disruptions • Design strength for piers and dock legs www2.icfd.co.jp

  3. Motivation

  4. Experiment • Simulate incident waves • Estimate wave energy before and after structural contact by measuring wave height • Determine if major differences occur • Why or why not? • Geometric violations • Reflections and diffractions • Intensity of wave energy • Apply to real settings

  5. Experiment • Physical modeling: similitude requirements • Geometric similarity (linear dimensions) • Kinematic similarity (motion between particles) • Dynamic similarity (vectorial forces) • Perfect similitude requires that the prototype-to-model ratios of the inertial, gravitational, viscous, surface tension, elastic, and pressure forces be identical.

  6. Setup 11 feet 2 feet

  7. ‘Coastal Structures’ Objects used: 4x4 inch rectangular wooden support orthogonal to flow 4x4 inch rectangular wooden support oblique to flow (≈45⁰) 4 inch diameter cylindrical aluminum support

  8. 4x4 Orthogonal Square

  9. 4x4 Oblique Square

  10. 4 inch Diameter Cylinder

  11. No Obstacles

  12. 4x4 Orthogonal Square Analysis

  13. 4x4 Oblique Square Analysis

  14. 4 inch Diameter Cylinder

  15. 2 Obstacles Orthogonal Block Oblique Block vs

  16. 2 Obstacles Cylinder

  17. Analysis 2 seconds 6 inches (.1524 meter) 6 inches (.1524 meter) 28.5 N-m/m2 Controlled period Measured depth Observed wave height Approximate energy density after collision with obstacle

  18. Analysis Since the waves were partially spilling over, a more accurate calculation of energy density is given by the University of Delaware Wave Calculator. It found the energy density to be approximately 18.2 Nm/m2.

  19. Analysis 2.4 meter .1219 meter (breaking) .05079 Calculated wave length Calculated wave height Wave steepness

  20. Conclusion • If wave energy varies significantly in the direction normal to wave propagation, wave energy can be transmitted laterally due to wave diffraction in addition to the direction of wave propagation • Wave diffraction also occurs in the sheltered region behind barriers and obstacles • Wave reflection occurs when waves come into contact with obstacles

  21. Conclusion • Encourage dock industry to produce innovative designs that have less of an impact on the coastal environment • Educate coastal landowners • Restricting the amount of coastal area disturbed minimizes impacts

  22. Bibliography Acknowledgments Professor Chin Wu Minnesota DNR http://www.dnr.state.mn.us/waters/watermgmt_section/pwpermits/docks.html http://files.dnr.state.mn.us/waters/watermgmt_section/pwpermits/dock_platform_general_permit_q_and_a.pdf Mohn, Magoon, Pirrell. (2003). Advances in coastal structure design. ASCE Wisconsin DNR dnr.wi.gov/ University of Delaware: Wave Calculator

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