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Cell Organelles: Essential Components for Cellular Functions

Discover how organelles in a cell work together to support cellular functions like protein production, energy creation, and material transport. Learn about the roles of key organelles such as the nucleus, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, lysosomes, vacuoles, chloroplasts, mitochondria, cell membrane, cell wall, and cytoplasm. Explore the relationship between cells and their organelles through examples of unique cellular tasks. Assess your knowledge of cell organelles with a self-assessment and ponder the impacts of removing a specific organelle in an exit slip activity.

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Cell Organelles: Essential Components for Cellular Functions

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Cell Organelles How does a cell do its job? What is the relationship between a cell and its organelles?

  2. What jobs do cells do? • Some examples: • Making proteins, like keratin (hair follicles) • Sending signals (nerve cells) • Turning sunlight into glucose (leaf cells) • Contracting for movement (muscle cells)

  3. Organelles Cooperate Organelles work together to allow the cell to accomplish its job.

  4. The Nucleus • Controls the cell by giving directions to make proteins, especially enzymes. • It also contains DNA and copies its genetic material so that when the cell divides, the new cell is exactly the same as the original.

  5. Ribosomes • Ribosomes are the site of protein production. • Located on the endoplasmic reticulum

  6. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) • A system of folded membranes that transport proteins within the cell

  7. Golgi Complex • G.A. tags proteins and exports them outside the cell in membrane bubbles called vesicles.

  8. Lysosomes • Membranous sac filled with enzymes (certain type of protein) that break down used organelles and large molecules

  9. Vacuoles • Vacuoles are sacs that store water and other materials • Vacuoles are in plant cells.

  10. Chloroplasts • Capture the sun’s energy to make glucose in plants and algae. The energy is stored in chemical bonds.

  11. Mitochondria • Bonds are broken in molecules of glucose to release energy which is stored or used as ATP.

  12. Cell Membrane • Regulates what enters and leaves the cell.

  13. Cell wall • The cell wall provides support to plant cells and bacteria.

  14. Cytoplasm • The region between the cell membrane and the nucleus.

  15. Self Assessment • Level 1=I have never seen this word • Level2=I think I have seen this word, but I don’t know what it means. • Level 3=I have seen this word and it has something to do with… • Level 4= I know this word. I can use it in my speaking, reading, writing, and listening.

  16. Exit Slip • Pick one organelle of the cell. What might happen to the cell if you were to take that organelle away.

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