Science Review

1. Science Review Unit B Lesson 5

2. A consumer that eats both producers and consumers is a(n) ______________ • omnivore • Water is an example of an abiotic/biotic factor. • Abiotic • A food _________ has energy flowing in one direction, from consumers  producers or producers  consumers • Food chain • If both organisms benefit, it is a __________ relationship. • Mutualistic

3. A food web is different from a food chain because it shows ___________________. • All the different directions energy can flow between organisms • A __________ is a specific job or role in a community that an organism has. • Niche • A consumer that hunts is a ____________. • Predator • Any relationship between organisms in an ecosystem is called ____________. • Symbiosis

4. All of the following are abiotic in an ecosystem except… • A). Water C). Bacteria • B). Minerals D). Soil • A vulture is an example of a… • A). Predator C). Carnivore • B). Scavenger D). All of the above • One example of a parasitic plant is… • A). Mistletoe C). A fir tree • B). Orchids D). Seaweed

5. A relationship where one organism is helped, and one organism is neither helped nor harmed is called what? • Commensalism • Order this food chain correctly: Butterfly  falcon  sparrow  flower  sun • Sun Flower  butterfly  sparrow  falcon • Name at least 2 examples of decomposers. • Bacteria, fungi, worms, insects

6. Choose which words makes the sentence correct: • All the organisms of a species living in the same area make up a COMMUNITY/POPULATION. • Population • The level after primary consumers in a food chain is SECONDARY/TERTIARY consumers. • Secondary • An organism that is in danger of dying out is called a THREATENED/ENDANGERED species. • Endangered

7. Give an example of a mutualistic relationship. • Give an example of a parasitic relationship. • Give an example of a commensalistic relationship.

8. Who/what is the seondary consumer in this food chain? • Mouse • What role do the mushrooms play in the diagram? • Decompose the dead organisms

9. What happens to the rattlesnake population if the mice population increases? • Rattlesnake pop. will increase • If the hawk population decreases, what happens to the grasshoppers? • Grasshopper pop. will increase.

10. Who/what is at the TOP of the food web? • Human, bald eagle, and snake • Who/what begins the food web? • phytoplankton

11. Name 2 primary consumers shown in the food web. • Trout, dragonfly, mayfly • If the dragonfly population decreases, what happens to the mayfly population? • Also decreases because the mayfly becomes the main source of food for the frogs.

12. Science Review Unit B Lesson 6

13. Part of the soil in the ______ biome is frozen all year round. • Tundra • The carbon cycle shows how we take carbon to make ____________, and use it for energy. • Carbohydrates • The first species to begin a brand new ecosystem is called a ________ __________. • Pioneer species • Sleet and snow are examples of ___________. • Precipitation

14. A ________ _________ is when your ecosystem has balanced; nothing new comes in, nothing leaves. • Climax community • A deciduous forest is characterized by _____________________________________. • Falling leaves; 4 seasons • When water is moved from the ground to the atmosphere, the process is called _________. • Evaporation • Name at least 2 sources of carbon. • Car exhaust, natural oil, plants, decaying matter

15. Plant absorb nitrogen from the: • A). Soil C). Sun • B). Atmosphere D). Insects • The bacteria that put nitrogen into the atmosphere are called… • A). Nitrogen Fixing C). Nitrogen-eating • B). Denitrifying D). None of the above • Nitrogen is needed to make _______, which we then turn into _________. • A). Nitrates; Minerals • B). Nitrites; Protein • C). Nitrates; Vitamins • D). Nitrites; Minerals

16. If a biome is hot all year round, experiences at ton of rainfall, and has the greatest diversity of plants and animals, you would be in the ___________________. • Tropical Rainforest • If a biome has very cold winters, cool summers, a ton of evergreen trees, and animals like the snowshoe hair, lynx, and caribou, you would be in the _____________. • Taiga • If a biome is hot all year round, with cool nights, has very little rainfall, and few animals are able to survive its conditions, you would be in the ________________. • Desert

17. What is the main difference between the water ecosystems on earth? • Saltiness • What is the term for the gradual replacement of one community by a different community? • Ecological succession • If a community is starting completely anew, but is building off a community that is already there, what kind of succession is it? • Secondary succession • If a community is starting completely anew, without any organisms already there, what kind of succession is it? • Primary succession

18. How do plants use carbon? • Photosynthesis

19. How do plants help humans in the carbon cycle? • They use carbon for energy, and give off oxygen.

20. Why do plants need nitrogen? • Plants (and humans) need it to make proteins • Name at least 2 things humans have on/in our bodies to make proteins. • Muscles, nerves, skin, bones, blood, and digestive juices. • Why do plants need bacteria to help them get nitrogen? • The nitrogen in the air is unusable for plants and humans • **DOUBLE POINTS** Air is made up of what percent nitrogen? • 78%