Aviation Management

1. Day 19 Aviation Management

2. Airport Control Tower and Control Centre • Should have a clear and unobstructed view of the entire movement area, including • Runways • Taxiways • Aprons • Parking spaces • Air traffic in its vicinity • Area control, or flight information centre should be in reasonably close proximity to the airport control tower.

3. from KLIA Tower

4. from tower

5. from the tower

6. Movement on apron

7. Aircraft Fuel Facilities • The design and location of fuel facilities should adhere to the highest principle of safety, environmental prudence, and aircraft service efficiency.

8. Terminal Design • Departure Functions • Arrival Functions

9. To move passangers, cargo, mail, aircraft and surface transportation vehicles efficiently, expeditiously and pleasantly – at least cost and with less hassle. • Intramodel and intermodal connections should be as seamless as possible. • All activities must be as efficient as possible.

10. Designing a terminal building requires consideration of a number of important variables (both present and future) • Capacity of the facility, growth potential, types of aircraft, intermodal transport access, the layout geometrics of the airfield, commuter facilities, general aviation facilities, customs, maintenance, hangars, cargo, kitchen, parking spaces, car rental. • The important key is simplicity. The passenger should encounter simple, obvious and unobstructed flow routes.

11. Consulting with the major tenants – the airlines, the concessionaires, general aviation users, governmental agencies – air traffic control, custom, immigration, agricultural inspection, health authority.

12. Principles of flow route for airport terminals • Routes should be short, direct, self-evident • Avoid changes in the levels of pedestrian routes • Passenger able to follow routes without staff assistance • Departing passenger able to check-in their luggage at the earliest possible point. • Each flow should be unidirectional • Minimum control points – immigration, customs etc should be integrated. • Visual continuity should exist between one functional area and the next. • The speed of passenger flow should be timed to synchronise with other systems.

13. Types of Terminals • Simple concept – single level common waiting and ticketing area • Linear concept – Continuation from the simple concept. • Pier (finger) concept • Satellite concept • Transporter concept – bus to the plane • Unit Terminal concept – many small terminals

14. Ticketing and Check-in • Should be immediately obvious to passengers as they enter the terminal. • The layout should be simple, unobstructed and clear. • The number of counters is determined by the number of airlines that are going to use them. • One-counter one-airline approach, or multi-used – time-separation counter.

15. Baggage Handling • Passengers should be free to check their luggage at the earliest point upon arrival at the terminal. • Baggage processing should be timed to correspond with passenger flows in speed and capacity. • Baggage claim area is located close to the surface transport area.

16. Signage and Graphics • Flight information should be clearly and ubiquitously visually presented to passengers throughout the terminal. • The principal purpose of airport signage is to move the traveling public through the airport’s labyrinth of pathways and corridors efficiently. • Clear, concise, comprehensible, sometime multi-lingual signage is essential. • It is an evolutionary process as the airport grows.

17. Security • Based on several international agreements – some under ICAO auspices, Tokyo Convention of 1963, the Hague Convention 1970, Montreal Convention 1971, the European Convention 1977. • Security of achieved by separating departure and arrival area, using hi-tech devices to scan for explosives, guns and drugs, CCTV to monitor all areas remotely, strict segregation between security areas.

18. Aircraft Boarding Areas • Several different systems have been developed. • Passengers can walk up boarding stairs or boarding bridge • Transported by bus or other vehicle. • The size of boarding bridge depends on aircraft types.