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Recent developments in treatment of PD

Recent developments in Parkinson's disease (PD) treatment reveal that L-DOPA continues to be the primary medication, with other dopamine agonists potentially mitigating side effects. Surgical approaches, such as lesions in the subthalamic nucleus, show promise in controlling tremors, while deep brain stimulation with a pacemaker-like device has gained attention. The first double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 2001 indicated fetal cell implants could grow, but improvement was minimal over a year. Additionally, new findings suggest environmental factors like tobacco and caffeine might offer protective effects against PD.

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Recent developments in treatment of PD

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  1. Recent developments in treatment of PD

  2. Drug treatments • L-DOPA still the mainstay • Other dopamine agonists may prevent side effects

  3. Lesion methods • Lesions to subthalamic nucleus can control tremor

  4. Deep brain stimulation • Pacemaker like device implanted in subthalamic nucleus • Reversible lesion

  5. Implants of fetal cells • 1st double-blind placebo-controlled surgical trial reported in 2001 (Freed, NEJM). • 40 patients, 20 received implants and 20 had placebo procedure • PET images showed implants grew • Little evidence for improvement after 1 year • 15% had dyskinesia that could not be controlled by drugs

  6. Whatever happened to J. William Langston? Director of Parkinson’s Institute in Sunnyvale CA. Still studying effects of environmental toxins on PD New findings suggest tobacco and caffeine exert protective effect

  7. Whatever happened to the MPTP model? • 150-200 new research reports/year • Still the single most important model of PD • A few mouse models now exist • MPTP model is still most valuable way to test new drugs • Eg continuous vs. pulsatile delivery and side-effects (Jenner)

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